Drug Information
| Interaction between the Drug and Microbe | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Metabolism of Drug Affected by Studied Microbe(s) | ||||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Enterobacterales | ||||
|
Studied Microbe: Escherichia coli Nissle 1917
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[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Metabolic Reaction | Acetylation | |||
| Metabolic Effect | Decrease activity | |||
| Description | Gemcitabine can be metabolized by Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 through acetylation, which results in the decrease of the drug's activity. | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Mycoplasmatales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Mycoplasma
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[4] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Microbial Enzyme | Pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase and cytidine deaminase | |||
| Metabolic Effect | Decrease activity | |||
| Description | Gemcitabine can be metabolized by the pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase and cytidine deaminase of Mycoplasma, which results in the decrease of the drug's activity. | |||
|
Studied Microbe: Mycoplasma hyorhinis
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[5] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Metabolic Effect | Decrease activity | |||
| Description | Gemcitabine can be metabolized by Mycoplasma hyorhinis, which results in the decrease of the drug's activity. | |||
| The Abundace of Studied Microbe(s) Regulated by Drug | ||||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Bacteroidales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides acidifaciens
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[6] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Decrease | |||
| Experimental Species | Mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | |||
| Description | The abundance of Bacteroides acidifaciens was decreased by Gemcitabine. | |||
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Studied Microbe: Prevotella copri
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|
[7] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Decrease | |||
| Experiment Method | High-throughput screening | |||
| Description | The abundance of Prevotella copri was decreased by Gemcitabine (adjusted p-values: 4.38E-04). | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Enterobacterales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Escherichia coli
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[6] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | |||
| Description | The abundance of Escherichia coli was increased by Gemcitabine. | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Eubacteriales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Clostridium perfringens
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|
[7] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Decrease | |||
| Experiment Method | High-throughput screening | |||
| Description | The abundance of Clostridium perfringens was decreased by Gemcitabine (adjusted p-values: 2.50E-06). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Lachnospiraceae
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[6] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Decrease | |||
| Experimental Species | Mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | |||
| Description | The abundance of Lachnospiraceae was decreased by Gemcitabine. | |||
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Studied Microbe: Peptoclostridium difficile
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[6] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | |||
| Description | The abundance of Peptoclostridium difficile was increased by Gemcitabine. | |||
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Studied Microbe: Ruminococcaceae
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[6] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Decrease | |||
| Experimental Species | Mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | |||
| Description | The abundance of Ruminococcaceae was decreased by Gemcitabine. | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Lactobacillales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Lactobacillus animalis
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[6] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Decrease | |||
| Experimental Species | Mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | |||
| Description | The abundance of Lactobacillus animalis was decreased by Gemcitabine. | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Verrucomicrobiales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Akkermansia muciniphila
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[6] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | |||
| Description | The abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila was increased by Gemcitabine. | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Gut microbiota | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroidales
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[6] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Decrease | |||
| Experimental Species | Mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | |||
| Description | The abundance of Bacteroidales was decreased by Gemcitabine. | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroidetes
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[6] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Decrease | |||
| Experimental Species | Mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | |||
| Description | The abundance of Bacteroidetes was decreased by Gemcitabine. | |||
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Studied Microbe: Firmicutes
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[6] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Decrease | |||
| Experimental Species | Mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | |||
| Description | The abundance of Firmicutes was decreased by Gemcitabine. | |||
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Studied Microbe: Proteobacteria
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|
[6] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | |||
| Description | The abundance of Proteobacteria was increased by Gemcitabine. | |||
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Studied Microbe: Verrucomicrobia
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|
[6] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Abundance Change | Increase | |||
| Experimental Species | Mice | Experimental Sample | Faeces | |
| Disease or Condition | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | |||
| Description | The abundance of Verrucomicrobia was increased by Gemcitabine. | |||
| Target and Pathway | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Target(s) | Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase M2 (RRM2) | Target Info | Modulator | [8] |
| References | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| REF 1 | URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4793). | |||
| REF 2 | Emerging drugs in cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2008 Jun;13(2):345-61. | |||
| REF 3 | Local bacteria affect the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs. Sci Rep. 2015 Sep 29;5:14554. | |||
| REF 4 | Gut microbiota modulation of chemotherapy efficacy and toxicity. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Jun;14(6):356-365. | |||
| REF 5 | Drug pharmacomicrobiomics and toxicomicrobiomics: from scattered reports to systematic studies of drug-microbiome interactions. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2018 Oct;14(10):1043-1055. | |||
| REF 6 | Influence of gemcitabine chemotherapy on the microbiota of pancreatic cancer xenografted mice. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2018 Apr;81(4):773-782. | |||
| REF 7 | Extensive impact of non-antibiotic drugs on human gut bacteria. Nature. 2018 Mar 29;555(7698):623-628. | |||
| REF 8 | Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. | |||
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