Target Information
| Target General Information | Top | |||||
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| Target ID |
T36075
(Former ID: TTDS00440)
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| Target Name |
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R)
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| Synonyms |
GLP-1R; GLP-1-R; GLP-1 receptor
Click to Show/Hide
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| Gene Name |
GLP1R
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| Target Type |
Successful target
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[1] | ||||
| Disease | [+] 2 Target-related Diseases | + | ||||
| 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus [ICD-11: 5A11] | |||||
| 2 | Type-1/2 diabete [ICD-11: 5A10-5A11] | |||||
| Function |
Ligand binding triggers activation of a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of adenylyl cyclase and increased intracellular cAMP levels. Plays a role in regulating insulin secretion in response to GLP-1. G-protein coupled receptor for glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1).
Click to Show/Hide
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| BioChemical Class |
GPCR secretin
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| UniProt ID | ||||||
| Sequence |
MAGAPGPLRLALLLLGMVGRAGPRPQGATVSLWETVQKWREYRRQCQRSLTEDPPPATDL
FCNRTFDEYACWPDGEPGSFVNVSCPWYLPWASSVPQGHVYRFCTAEGLWLQKDNSSLPW RDLSECEESKRGERSSPEEQLLFLYIIYTVGYALSFSALVIASAILLGFRHLHCTRNYIH LNLFASFILRALSVFIKDAALKWMYSTAAQQHQWDGLLSYQDSLSCRLVFLLMQYCVAAN YYWLLVEGVYLYTLLAFSVLSEQWIFRLYVSIGWGVPLLFVVPWGIVKYLYEDEGCWTRN SNMNYWLIIRLPILFAIGVNFLIFVRVICIVVSKLKANLMCKTDIKCRLAKSTLTLIPLL GTHEVIFAFVMDEHARGTLRFIKLFTELSFTSFQGLMVAILYCFVNNEVQLEFRKSWERW RLEHLHIQRDSSMKPLKCPTSSLSSGATAGSSMYTATCQASCS Click to Show/Hide
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| 3D Structure | Click to Show 3D Structure of This Target | PDB | ||||
| HIT2.0 ID | T75EH8 | |||||
| Drugs and Modes of Action | Top | |||||
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| Approved Drug(s) | [+] 7 Approved Drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | Albiglutide | Drug Info | Approved | Type-2 diabetes | [3], [4] | |
| 2 | Dulaglutide | Drug Info | Approved | Type-2 diabetes | [4], [5] | |
| 3 | Exenatide | Drug Info | Approved | Type-2 diabetes | [1], [6], [7], [8], [9] | |
| 4 | Liraglutide | Drug Info | Approved | Type-2 diabetes | [10], [11], [9] | |
| 5 | Lixisenatide | Drug Info | Approved | Type-2 diabetes | [12], [13], [14], [9] | |
| 6 | Pramlintide | Drug Info | Approved | Type-1/2 diabetes | [15], [6] | |
| 7 | Semaglutide | Drug Info | Approved | Type-2 diabetes | [16] | |
| Clinical Trial Drug(s) | [+] 22 Clinical Trial Drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | Efpeglenatide | Drug Info | Phase 3 | Type-2 diabetes | [22] | |
| 2 | GLP-1 | Drug Info | Phase 3 | Diabetic complication | [23] | |
| 3 | LATIN T1D | Drug Info | Phase 3 | Type-1 diabetes | [24] | |
| 4 | Taspoglutide | Drug Info | Phase 3 | Type-1 diabetes | [25] | |
| 5 | GTP-010 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Dyspepsia | [36] | |
| 6 | LY2944876 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Diabetic complication | [37] | |
| 7 | OI338GT | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Type-1/2 diabetes | [38] | |
| 8 | ORMD-0901 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Type-2 diabetes | [39] | |
| 9 | PB-1023 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Type-2 diabetes | [40], [9] | |
| 10 | TT-401 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Type-2 diabetes | [41], [9] | |
| 11 | TTP-054 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Type-2 diabetes | [42] | |
| 12 | TTP273 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Type-2 diabetes | [9] | |
| 13 | UNI-rE-4 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Type-2 diabetes | [6], [7], [8] | |
| 14 | CM3.1-AC100 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Diabetic complication | [52] | |
| 15 | CVX 096 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Type-2 diabetes | [53] | |
| 16 | JNJ-54728518 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Type-2 diabetes | [9] | |
| 17 | NN-9926 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Type-2 diabetes | [54] | |
| 18 | PF-4603629 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Type-2 diabetes | [6], [7], [8] | |
| 19 | SAR425899 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Diabetic complication | [55] | |
| 20 | SAR438335 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Type-2 diabetes | [9] | |
| 21 | ZP2929 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Type-1 diabetes | [9] | |
| 22 | ZYOG1 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Diabetic complication | [56] | |
| Discontinued Drug(s) | [+] 7 Discontinued Drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | CJC-1131 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 2 | Type-1 diabetes | [57] | |
| 2 | LY-307161 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 2 | Type-2 diabetes | [58] | |
| 3 | RG7685 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 2 | Type-2 diabetes | [59] | |
| 4 | CM-GLP-1 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 1/2 | Brain injury | [60] | |
| 5 | LY-315902 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 1 | Type-2 diabetes | [61] | |
| 6 | AZM-134 | Drug Info | Terminated | Type-2 diabetes | [63] | |
| 7 | TH-0318 | Drug Info | Terminated | Diabetic complication | [64] | |
| Mode of Action | [+] 5 Modes of Action | + | ||||
| Modulator | [+] 26 Modulator drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | Albiglutide | Drug Info | [4], [65], [66] | |||
| 2 | Lixisenatide | Drug Info | [65] | |||
| 3 | GLP-1 | Drug Info | [68], [69] | |||
| 4 | LY2944876 | Drug Info | [71] | |||
| 5 | OI338GT | Drug Info | [72] | |||
| 6 | PB-1023 | Drug Info | [74] | |||
| 7 | TT-401 | Drug Info | [75] | |||
| 8 | TTP-054 | Drug Info | [76] | |||
| 9 | UNI-rE-4 | Drug Info | [7], [8] | |||
| 10 | CVX 096 | Drug Info | [77] | |||
| 11 | PF-4603629 | Drug Info | [7], [8] | |||
| 12 | SAR425899 | Drug Info | [79] | |||
| 13 | ZP2929 | Drug Info | [80] | |||
| 14 | CJC-1131 | Drug Info | [81] | |||
| 15 | LY-307161 | Drug Info | [82] | |||
| 16 | RG7685 | Drug Info | [83] | |||
| 17 | CM-GLP-1 | Drug Info | [84] | |||
| 18 | LY-315902 | Drug Info | [85] | |||
| 19 | AZM-134 | Drug Info | [86] | |||
| 20 | TH-0318 | Drug Info | [68] | |||
| 21 | AMPE4L | Drug Info | [6], [7], [8] | |||
| 22 | CNTO-736 | Drug Info | [68] | |||
| 23 | F-18 exendin-4 derivative PET tracers | Drug Info | [6], [7], [8] | |||
| 24 | Glucagon-like peptide-1 analog | Drug Info | [68] | |||
| 25 | SKL-18287 | Drug Info | [68] | |||
| 26 | [123I] iodobenzoyl 12-Ex4 | Drug Info | [6], [7], [8] | |||
| Agonist | [+] 18 Agonist drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | Dulaglutide | Drug Info | [4] | |||
| 2 | Liraglutide | Drug Info | [1] | |||
| 3 | Pramlintide | Drug Info | [1] | |||
| 4 | Semaglutide | Drug Info | [68] | |||
| 5 | Efpeglenatide | Drug Info | [9] | |||
| 6 | LATIN T1D | Drug Info | [68] | |||
| 7 | Taspoglutide | Drug Info | [70] | |||
| 8 | GTP-010 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
| 9 | ORMD-0901 | Drug Info | [73] | |||
| 10 | TTP273 | Drug Info | [9] | |||
| 11 | CM3.1-AC100 | Drug Info | [68] | |||
| 12 | JNJ-54728518 | Drug Info | [9] | |||
| 13 | NN-9926 | Drug Info | [78] | |||
| 14 | SAR438335 | Drug Info | [9] | |||
| 15 | ZYOG1 | Drug Info | [56] | |||
| 16 | AC-3174 | Drug Info | [6], [7], [8] | |||
| 17 | CAM-2036 | Drug Info | [68] | |||
| 18 | SX-GLP1 | Drug Info | [68] | |||
| Binder | [+] 1 Binder drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | Exenatide | Drug Info | [67] | |||
| Modulator (allosteric modulator) | [+] 1 Modulator (allosteric modulator) drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | BETP | Drug Info | [87] | |||
| Inhibitor | [+] 16 Inhibitor drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | C[Asp22-Lys26][Gly8]GLP-1(7-37)-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| 2 | C[Glu18-Lys22][Gly8]GLP-1(7-37)-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| 3 | C[Glu19-Lys23][Gly8]GLP-1(7-37)-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| 4 | C[Glu21-Lys25][Gly8]GLP-1(7-37)-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| 5 | C[Glu22-Lys26][Gly8]GLP-1(7-37)-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| 6 | C[Glu22-Orn26][Gly8]GLP-1(7-37)-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| 7 | C[Glu23-Lys27][Gly8]GLP-1(7-37)-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| 8 | C[Glu24-Lys28][Gly8]GLP-1(7-37)-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| 9 | C[Glu26-Lys30][Gly8]GLP-1(7-37)-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| 10 | C[hGlu22-Lys26][Gly8]GLP-1(7-37)-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| 11 | Glu20-Lys24][Gly8][GLP-1(7-37)-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| 12 | HAEGTFTSDVSSYLEGQAAKEFIAWLVKGRG-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| 13 | HAEGTFTSDVSSYLEGQAAKEIFAWLVKGR | Drug Info | [89] | |||
| 14 | [Gly8, aib22]GLP-1(7-37)-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| 15 | [Gly8,Glu22]GLP-1(7,37)-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| 16 | [Gly8]GLP-1(7-37)-NH2 | Drug Info | [88] | |||
| Cell-based Target Expression Variations | Top | |||||
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| Cell-based Target Expression Variations | ||||||
| Drug Binding Sites of Target | Top | |||||
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| Ligand Name: PF-06882961 | Ligand Info | |||||
| Structure Description | Non peptide agonist PF-06882961, bound to Glucagon-Like peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor | PDB:6X1A | ||||
| Method | Electron microscopy | Resolution | 2.50 Å | Mutation | No | [90] |
| PDB Sequence |
ATVSLWETVQ
37 KWREYRRQCQ47 RSLTEDPPPA57 TDLFCNRTFD67 EYACWPDGEP77 GSFVNVSCPW 87 YLPWASSVPQ97 GHVYRFCTAE107 GLWLQKDNSS117 LPWRDLSECE127 ESSPEEQLLF 143 LYIIYTVGYA153 LSFSALVIAS163 AILLGFRHLH173 CTRNYIHLNL183 FASFILRALS 193 VFIKDAALKW203 MYSTAAQQHQ213 WDGLLSYQDS223 LSCRLVFLLM233 QYCVAANYYW 243 LLVEGVYLYT253 LLAFSVFSEQ263 WIFRLYVSIG273 WGVPLLFVVP283 WGIVKYLYED 293 EGCWTRNSNM303 NYWLIIRLPI313 LFAIGVNFLI323 FVRVICIVVS333 KLKANLMCKT 343 DIKCRLAKST353 LTLIPLLGTH363 EVIFAFVMDE373 HARGTLRFIK383 LFTELSFTSF 393 QGLMVAILYC403 FVNNEVQLEF413 RKSWERWRLE423
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SER31
3.582
LEU32
3.570
TRP33
3.571
VAL36
3.614
GLN37
3.398
GLU138
4.582
LEU141
3.612
LYS197
3.076
LEU201
3.648
TRP203
3.307
SER206
3.569
THR207
3.696
LEU217
3.883
LEU218
4.002
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| Click to View More Binding Site Information of This Target and Ligand Pair | ||||||
| Ligand Name: 3-Sulfinoalanine | Ligand Info | |||||
| Structure Description | Structure of the human GLP-1 receptor complex with PF-06372222 | PDB:5VEW | ||||
| Method | X-ray diffraction | Resolution | 2.70 Å | Mutation | Yes | [91] |
| PDB Sequence |
SPEEQLLFLY
145 IIYTVGYALS155 FSALVIASAI165 LLGFRHLHCT175 RNYIHLNLFA185 SFILRALCVF 195 FKDAALKWLS219 YQDSLACRLV229 FLLQYCVAAN240 YYWLLVEGVY250 LYTLLAFNIF 1004 EMLRIDEGLR1014 LKIYKDTEGY1024 YTIGIGHLLT1034 KSPSLNAAKS1044 ELDKAIGRNT 1054 NGVITKDEAE1064 KLFNQDVDAA1074 VRGILRNAKL1084 KPVYDSLDAV1094 RRAALINMVF 1104 QMGETGVAGF1114 TNSLRMLQQK1124 RWDEAAVNLA1134 KSRWYNQTPN1144 RAKRVITTFR 1154 TGTWDAYSEQ263 WIFRLYVAIG273 WGVPLLFVVP283 WGIVKYLYED293 EGCWTRNSNM 303 NYWLIIRLPI313 LFACIVNFLI323 FVRVICIVVS333 KLKANLMCKT343 DIAFRLAKST 353 LTLIPLLCTH363 EVIFAFVMDR380 FIKLFTELSF390 TSFQGLMVAI400 LYCFVNNEVQ 410 LEFRKSWERW420 RL
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| Click to View More Binding Site Information of This Target and Ligand Pair | ||||||
| Click to View More Binding Site Information of This Target with Different Ligands | ||||||
| Different Human System Profiles of Target | Top |
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Human Similarity Proteins
of target is determined by comparing the sequence similarity of all human proteins with the target based on BLAST. The similarity proteins for a target are defined as the proteins with E-value < 0.005 and outside the protein families of the target.
A target that has fewer human similarity proteins outside its family is commonly regarded to possess a greater capacity to avoid undesired interactions and thus increase the possibility of finding successful drugs
(Brief Bioinform, 21: 649-662, 2020).
Human Pathway Affiliation
of target is determined by the life-essential pathways provided on KEGG database. The target-affiliated pathways were defined based on the following two criteria (a) the pathways of the studied target should be life-essential for both healthy individuals and patients, and (b) the studied target should occupy an upstream position in the pathways and therefore had the ability to regulate biological function.
Targets involved in a fewer pathways have greater likelihood to be successfully developed, while those associated with more human pathways increase the chance of undesirable interferences with other human processes
(Pharmacol Rev, 58: 259-279, 2006).
Biological Network Descriptors
of target is determined based on a human protein-protein interactions (PPI) network consisting of 9,309 proteins and 52,713 PPIs, which were with a high confidence score of ≥ 0.95 collected from STRING database.
The network properties of targets based on protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have been widely adopted for the assessment of target’s druggability. Proteins with high node degree tend to have a high impact on network function through multiple interactions, while proteins with high betweenness centrality are regarded to be central for communication in interaction networks and regulate the flow of signaling information
(Front Pharmacol, 9, 1245, 2018;
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 44:134-142, 2017).
Human Similarity Proteins
Human Pathway Affiliation
Biological Network Descriptors
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There is no similarity protein (E value < 0.005) for this target
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| KEGG Pathway | Pathway ID | Affiliated Target | Pathway Map |
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| cAMP signaling pathway | hsa04024 | Affiliated Target |
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| Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signal transduction | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
| Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction | hsa04080 | Affiliated Target |
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| Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signaling molecules and interaction | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
| Insulin secretion | hsa04911 | Affiliated Target |
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| Class: Organismal Systems => Endocrine system | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
| Degree | 4 | Degree centrality | 4.30E-04 | Betweenness centrality | 8.15E-05 |
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| Closeness centrality | 2.04E-01 | Radiality | 1.36E+01 | Clustering coefficient | 1.67E-01 |
| Neighborhood connectivity | 2.08E+01 | Topological coefficient | 2.77E-01 | Eccentricity | 12 |
| Download | Click to Download the Full PPI Network of This Target | ||||
| Chemical Structure based Activity Landscape of Target | Top |
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| Drug Property Profile of Target | Top | |
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| (1) Molecular Weight (mw) based Drug Clustering | (2) Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient (xlogp) based Drug Clustering | |
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| (3) Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) based Drug Clustering | (4) Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) based Drug Clustering | |
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| (5) Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) based Drug Clustering | (6) Topological Polar Surface Area (polararea) based Drug Clustering | |
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| "RO5" indicates the cutoff set by lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in GREEN denotes the no violation of any cutoff in lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in PURPLE refers to the violation of only one cutoff in lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in BLACK represents the violation of more than one cutoffs in lipinski's rule of five | ||
| Target Poor or Non Binders | Top | |||||
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| Target Poor or Non Binders | ||||||
| Target Regulators | Top | |||||
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| Target-interacting Proteins | ||||||
| Target Profiles in Patients | Top | |||||
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| Target Expression Profile (TEP) | ||||||
| Target Affiliated Biological Pathways | Top | |||||
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| KEGG Pathway | [+] 3 KEGG Pathways | + | ||||
| 1 | cAMP signaling pathway | |||||
| 2 | Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction | |||||
| 3 | Insulin secretion | |||||
| Reactome | [+] 3 Reactome Pathways | + | ||||
| 1 | Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion | |||||
| 2 | G alpha (s) signalling events | |||||
| 3 | Glucagon-type ligand receptors | |||||
| WikiPathways | [+] 4 WikiPathways | + | ||||
| 1 | GPCRs, Class B Secretin-like | |||||
| 2 | Integration of energy metabolism | |||||
| 3 | GPCR ligand binding | |||||
| 4 | GPCR downstream signaling | |||||
| Target-Related Models and Studies | Top | |||||
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| Target Validation | ||||||
| References | Top | |||||
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| REF 1 | Emerging drugs for obesity: linking novel biological mechanisms to pharmaceutical pipelines. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 Aug;10(3):643-60. | |||||
| REF 2 | FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2022. Application Number: 215866. | |||||
| REF 3 | URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7386). | |||||
| REF 4 | 2014 FDA drug approvals. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2015 Feb;14(2):77-81. | |||||
| REF 5 | URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7638). | |||||
| REF 6 | 2005 approvals: Safety first. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 5, 92-93 (February 2006). | |||||
| REF 7 | Exenatide and liraglutide: different approaches to develop GLP-1 receptor agonists (incretin mimetics)--preclinical and clinical results. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Aug;23(4):463-77. | |||||
| REF 8 | Bydureon: first once weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist (exenatide LAR). Rev Med Liege. 2014 Apr;69(4):214-9. | |||||
| REF 9 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) | |||||
| REF 10 | URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 1133). | |||||
| REF 11 | Mullard A: 2010 FDA drug approvals. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2011 Feb;10(2):82-5. | |||||
| REF 12 | 2016 FDA drug approvals. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2017 Feb 2;16(2):73-76. | |||||
| REF 13 | URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7387). | |||||
| REF 14 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02049034) Lixisenatide-The Effects on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes. U.S. National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 15 | URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7482). | |||||
| REF 16 | 2017 FDA drug approvals.Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2018 Feb;17(2):81-85. | |||||
| REF 17 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Gmax Biopharm. | |||||
| REF 18 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Gmax Biopharm. | |||||
| REF 19 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05869903) A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of Once-Daily Oral LY3502970 Compared With Placebo in Adult Participants With Obesity or Overweight With Weight-Related Comorbidities (ATTAIN-1). U.S.National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 20 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05882045) A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase 3 Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of LY3437943 Once Weekly Compared to Placebo in Participants With Severe Obesity and Established Cardiovascular Disease. U.S.National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 21 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04504396) A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of PB-119 in Combination With Metformin in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Controlled on Metformin Alone. U.S.National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 22 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03496298) Effect of Efpeglenatide on Cardiovascular Outcomes (AMPLITUDE-O). U.S. National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 23 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Emisphere Technologies Inc. | |||||
| REF 24 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Novo Nordisk A/S. | |||||
| REF 25 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01018173) A Study of Taspoglutide in Patients With Inadequately Controlled Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and Cardiovascular Disease. U.S. National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 26 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00804986) A Study for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. U.S. National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 27 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04153929) A Study to Test Whether Different Doses of BI 456906 Are Effective in Treating Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.. U.S. National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 28 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03985293) A 16 Week Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of PF-06882961 in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. U.S. National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 29 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04154072) Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of 36 Weeks of Treatment With NLY01 in Early-stage Parkinson's Disease. U.S.National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 30 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03373435) A Phase 2, Multicenter, Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Cross-over Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Exendin 9-39 in Patients With Postbariatric Hypoglycemia. U.S.National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 31 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03828747) A Phase II, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Efficacy, and Safety Study of MTAU9937A in Patients With Moderate Alzheimer's Disease. U.S.National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 32 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04944992) A Phase 2a, Randomized, Active-Comparator-Controlled, Open-Label Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Efinopegdutide (MK-6024) in Individuals With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. U.S.National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 33 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04881760) A Phase 2 Study of Once-Weekly LY3437943 Compared With Placebo in Participants Who Have Obesity or Are Overweight With Weight-Related Comorbidities. U.S.National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 34 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Regor Therapeutics | |||||
| REF 35 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05579977) A PHASE 2, RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO CONTROLLED, DOSE RANGING, DOSE FINDING, PARALLEL GROUP STUDY TO ASSESS EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF PF-07081532, AND OPEN LABEL ORAL SEMAGLUTIDE, IN ADULTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM) INADEQUATELY CONTROLLED ON METFORMIN, AND SEPARATELY PF-07081532 COMPARED TO MATCHING PLACEBO IN ADULTS WITH OBESITY BUT WITHOUT T2DM. U.S.National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 36 | Emerging drugs for irritable bowel syndrome. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2006 May;11(2):293-313. | |||||
| REF 37 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02119819) A Study to Compare a New Drug for Type 2 Diabetes to Placebo and to a Treatment Already Available for Type 2 Diabetes. U.S. National Institutes of Health. | |||||
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