Target Information
Target General Information | Top | |||||
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Target ID |
T66665
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Target Name |
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (COX-2)
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Synonyms |
Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2; Prostaglandin H2 synthase 2; PHS II; PGHS-2; PGH synthase 2; Cyclooxygenase-2; COX2; COX-2
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Gene Name |
PTGS2
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Target Type |
Successful target
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[1] | ||||
Disease | [+] 9 Target-related Diseases | + | ||||
1 | Chronic pain [ICD-11: MG30] | |||||
2 | Female pelvic pain [ICD-11: GA34] | |||||
3 | Hyper-lipoproteinaemia [ICD-11: 5C80] | |||||
4 | Indeterminate colitis [ICD-11: DD72] | |||||
5 | Knee osteoarthritis [ICD-11: FA01] | |||||
6 | Osteoarthritis [ICD-11: FA00-FA05] | |||||
7 | Pain [ICD-11: MG30-MG3Z] | |||||
8 | Rheumatoid arthritis [ICD-11: FA20] | |||||
9 | Tuberculosis [ICD-11: 1B10-1B12] | |||||
Function |
Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and brain, and in pathological conditions, such as in cancer. PTGS2 is responsible for production of inflammatory prostaglandins. Up-regulation of PTGS2 is also associated with increased cell adhesion, phenotypic changes, resistance to apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis. In cancer cells, PTGS2 is a key step in the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays important roles in modulating motility, proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. During neuroinflammation, plays a role in neuronal secretion of specialized preresolving mediators (SPMs), especially 15-R-lipoxin A4, that regulates phagocytic microglia (By similarity).
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BioChemical Class |
Paired donor oxygen oxidoreductase
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UniProt ID | ||||||
EC Number |
EC 1.14.99.1
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Sequence |
MLARALLLCAVLALSHTANPCCSHPCQNRGVCMSVGFDQYKCDCTRTGFYGENCSTPEFL
TRIKLFLKPTPNTVHYILTHFKGFWNVVNNIPFLRNAIMSYVLTSRSHLIDSPPTYNADY GYKSWEAFSNLSYYTRALPPVPDDCPTPLGVKGKKQLPDSNEIVEKLLLRRKFIPDPQGS NMMFAFFAQHFTHQFFKTDHKRGPAFTNGLGHGVDLNHIYGETLARQRKLRLFKDGKMKY QIIDGEMYPPTVKDTQAEMIYPPQVPEHLRFAVGQEVFGLVPGLMMYATIWLREHNRVCD VLKQEHPEWGDEQLFQTSRLILIGETIKIVIEDYVQHLSGYHFKLKFDPELLFNKQFQYQ NRIAAEFNTLYHWHPLLPDTFQIHDQKYNYQQFIYNNSILLEHGITQFVESFTRQIAGRV AGGRNVPPAVQKVSQASIDQSRQMKYQSFNEYRKRFMLKPYESFEELTGEKEMSAELEAL YGDIDAVELYPALLVEKPRPDAIFGETMVEVGAPFSLKGLMGNVICSPAYWKPSTFGGEV GFQIINTASIQSLICNNVKGCPFTSFSVPDPELIKTVTINASSSRSGLDDINPTVLLKER STEL Click to Show/Hide
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3D Structure | Click to Show 3D Structure of This Target | AlphaFold | ||||
HIT2.0 ID | T08Q7W |
Drugs and Modes of Action | Top | |||||
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Approved Drug(s) | [+] 25 Approved Drugs | + | ||||
1 | Aminosalicylic Acid | Drug Info | Approved | Pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis | [4] | |
2 | Carprofen | Drug Info | Approved | Pain | [5], [6] | |
3 | Celecoxib | Drug Info | Approved | Rheumatoid arthritis | [7], [8] | |
4 | Diflunisal | Drug Info | Approved | Pain | [9], [10] | |
5 | Eicosapentaenoic acid/docosa-hexaenoic acid | Drug Info | Approved | Hypertriglyceridemia | [11] | |
6 | Etodolac | Drug Info | Approved | Pain | [12], [13] | |
7 | Etoricoxib | Drug Info | Approved | Rheumatoid arthritis | [14], [15] | |
8 | FENBUFEN | Drug Info | Approved | Arthritis | [4] | |
9 | Flufenamic Acid | Drug Info | Approved | Dysmenorrhea | [4], [16] | |
10 | Flurbiprofen | Drug Info | Approved | Rheumatoid arthritis | [17], [18] | |
11 | Ibuprofen | Drug Info | Approved | Pain | [8], [19] | |
12 | Indomethacin | Drug Info | Approved | Rheumatoid arthritis | [4] | |
13 | Lumiracoxib | Drug Info | Approved | Knee osteoarthritis | [15], [20] | |
14 | Meclofenamate Sodium | Drug Info | Approved | Arthritis | [4] | |
15 | Mefenamic acid | Drug Info | Approved | Dysmenorrhea | [4], [21], [22] | |
16 | Meloxicam | Drug Info | Approved | Arthritis | [4], [23], [24] | |
17 | Nabumetone | Drug Info | Approved | Pain | [25], [26] | |
18 | Naproxen | Drug Info | Approved | Osteoarthritis | [4] | |
19 | Niflumic Acid | Drug Info | Approved | Rheumatoid arthritis | [4], [27], [28] | |
20 | Phenylbutazone | Drug Info | Approved | Chronic pain | [4], [29], [30] | |
21 | Rofecoxib | Drug Info | Approved | Osteoarthritis | [31], [8] | |
22 | Tenoxicam | Drug Info | Approved | Rheumatoid arthritis | [32], [33], [34] | |
23 | Tiaprofenic acid | Drug Info | Approved | Pain | [35], [4] | |
24 | Tolmetin | Drug Info | Approved | Rheumatoid arthritis | [4], [36], [37] | |
25 | Valdecoxib | Drug Info | Approved | Osteoarthritis | [38], [39] | |
Clinical Trial Drug(s) | [+] 6 Clinical Trial Drugs | + | ||||
1 | (S)-FLURBIPROFEN | Drug Info | Preregistration | Myalgia | [40] | |
2 | Curcumin | Drug Info | Phase 3 | Solid tumour/cancer | [43], [44] | |
3 | ThermoProfen | Drug Info | Phase 3 | Pain | [45] | |
4 | Darbufelone | Drug Info | Phase 2/3 | Asthma | [46] | |
5 | SC-75416 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Pain | [49] | |
6 | RWJ-67657 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Arthritis | [51] | |
Discontinued Drug(s) | [+] 25 Discontinued Drugs | + | ||||
1 | INDOPROFEN | Drug Info | Withdrawn from market | Gout | [4] | |
2 | GW-406381 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 3 | Neuropathic pain | [53] | |
3 | PMI-001 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 3 | Lupus | [54] | |
4 | Apricoxib | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 2 | Rheumatoid arthritis | [56] | |
5 | CRx-401 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 2 | Type-2 diabetes | [57] | |
6 | GSK-644784 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 2 | Neuropathic pain | [53] | |
7 | RQ-00317076 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 2 | Pain | [58] | |
8 | S-2474 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 2 | Rheumatoid arthritis | [59] | |
9 | TEBUFELONE | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 2 | Pain | [60] | |
10 | DUP 697 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 1 | Pain | [61] | |
11 | E-6087 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 1 | Pain | [62] | |
12 | GR-253035 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 1 | Alzheimer disease | [63] | |
13 | SC-57666 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 1 | Rheumatoid arthritis | [64] | |
14 | ATLIPROFEN METHYL ESTER | Drug Info | Terminated | Inflammation | [66] | |
15 | Flosulide | Drug Info | Terminated | Pain | [67] | |
16 | FR-123826 | Drug Info | Terminated | Rheumatoid arthritis | [68] | |
17 | L-745337 | Drug Info | Terminated | Asthma | [69] | |
18 | L-768277 | Drug Info | Terminated | Hyperthermia | [70] | |
19 | Nimesulide | Drug Info | Terminated | Metastatic colorectal cancer | [71] | |
20 | NS398 | Drug Info | Terminated | Endometriosis | [72] | |
21 | ON-09300 | Drug Info | Terminated | Solid tumour/cancer | [73] | |
22 | RPR 200765A | Drug Info | Terminated | Rheumatoid arthritis | [74] | |
23 | RWJ-63556 | Drug Info | Terminated | Arthritis | [75] | |
24 | S-33516 | Drug Info | Terminated | Arthritis | [76] | |
25 | SC-236 | Drug Info | Terminated | Solid tumour/cancer | [77] | |
Mode of Action | [+] 3 Modes of Action | + | ||||
Modulator | [+] 13 Modulator drugs | + | ||||
1 | Aminosalicylic Acid | Drug Info | [78] | |||
2 | Flurbiprofen | Drug Info | [90] | |||
3 | Indomethacin | Drug Info | [78] | |||
4 | Meclofenamate Sodium | Drug Info | [95] | |||
5 | Darbufelone | Drug Info | [46] | |||
6 | GR-253035 | Drug Info | [125] | |||
7 | ATLIPROFEN METHYL ESTER | Drug Info | [78] | |||
8 | Flosulide | Drug Info | [126] | |||
9 | L-745337 | Drug Info | [128] | |||
10 | L-768277 | Drug Info | [129] | |||
11 | ON-09300 | Drug Info | [78] | |||
12 | RWJ-63556 | Drug Info | [75] | |||
13 | Nitroflurbiprofen | Drug Info | [174], [90], [175] | |||
Inhibitor | [+] 153 Inhibitor drugs | + | ||||
1 | Carprofen | Drug Info | [79] | |||
2 | Celecoxib | Drug Info | [80], [81], [82] | |||
3 | Diflunisal | Drug Info | [1] | |||
4 | Eicosapentaenoic acid/docosa-hexaenoic acid | Drug Info | [83] | |||
5 | Etodolac | Drug Info | [84], [85] | |||
6 | Etoricoxib | Drug Info | [86], [87] | |||
7 | FENBUFEN | Drug Info | [88] | |||
8 | Flufenamic Acid | Drug Info | [89] | |||
9 | Ibuprofen | Drug Info | [91], [92], [93] | |||
10 | Lumiracoxib | Drug Info | [94] | |||
11 | Mefenamic acid | Drug Info | [96] | |||
12 | Meloxicam | Drug Info | [97] | |||
13 | Nabumetone | Drug Info | [98] | |||
14 | Naproxen | Drug Info | [99], [8] | |||
15 | Niflumic Acid | Drug Info | [100] | |||
16 | Phenylbutazone | Drug Info | [101] | |||
17 | Rofecoxib | Drug Info | [82], [102], [103], [104], [105] | |||
18 | Tenoxicam | Drug Info | [106], [107] | |||
19 | Tiaprofenic acid | Drug Info | [108] | |||
20 | Tolmetin | Drug Info | [91] | |||
21 | Valdecoxib | Drug Info | [39] | |||
22 | IMRECOXIB | Drug Info | [109] | |||
23 | (S)-FLURBIPROFEN | Drug Info | [110] | |||
24 | Curcumin | Drug Info | [111] | |||
25 | ThermoProfen | Drug Info | [112] | |||
26 | SC-75416 | Drug Info | [113] | |||
27 | RWJ-67657 | Drug Info | [114] | |||
28 | Carbamate derivative 2 | Drug Info | [115] | |||
29 | PMID29130358-Compound-LonimacranthoideVI | Drug Info | [116] | |||
30 | INDOPROFEN | Drug Info | [110] | |||
31 | GW-406381 | Drug Info | [53] | |||
32 | PMI-001 | Drug Info | [117] | |||
33 | Apricoxib | Drug Info | [118] | |||
34 | CRx-401 | Drug Info | [119] | |||
35 | GSK-644784 | Drug Info | [53] | |||
36 | RQ-00317076 | Drug Info | [120] | |||
37 | S-2474 | Drug Info | [121] | |||
38 | TEBUFELONE | Drug Info | [122] | |||
39 | DUP 697 | Drug Info | [123] | |||
40 | E-6087 | Drug Info | [124], [4] | |||
41 | SC-57666 | Drug Info | [122] | |||
42 | FR-123826 | Drug Info | [127] | |||
43 | Nimesulide | Drug Info | [130] | |||
44 | NS398 | Drug Info | [8] | |||
45 | RPR 200765A | Drug Info | [131] | |||
46 | S-33516 | Drug Info | [132] | |||
47 | SB 203580 | Drug Info | [133] | |||
48 | SC-236 | Drug Info | [134] | |||
49 | SC-58125 | Drug Info | [135] | |||
50 | SC-58451 | Drug Info | [136] | |||
51 | (11H-Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxepin-2-yl)-acetic acid | Drug Info | [137] | |||
52 | (11H-Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxepin-8-yl)-acetic acid | Drug Info | [137] | |||
53 | (E)-2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)styryl)thiophene | Drug Info | [138] | |||
54 | (E)-3-(4-(methylsulfonyl)styryl)thiophene | Drug Info | [138] | |||
55 | (E)-4-(2-(furan-2-yl)vinyl)benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [138] | |||
56 | (E)-4-(2-(thiophen-2-yl)vinyl)benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [138] | |||
57 | (E)-4-(2-(thiophen-3-yl)vinyl)benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [138] | |||
58 | (R)-2-(4-Isobutyl-phenyl)-N-phenyl-propionamide | Drug Info | [110] | |||
59 | (Z)-2'-des-methyl sulindac sulfide | Drug Info | [139] | |||
60 | 1,2-dihydro-3-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)naphthalene | Drug Info | [140] | |||
61 | 1,3-bis(nitrooxy)propan-2-yl 2-acetoxybenzoate | Drug Info | [141] | |||
62 | 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-p-tolylprop-2-en-1-one | Drug Info | [142] | |||
63 | 1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-1H-indole | Drug Info | [143] | |||
64 | 1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole | Drug Info | [143] | |||
65 | 1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-3-p-tolylurea | Drug Info | [144] | |||
66 | 1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea | Drug Info | [144] | |||
67 | 2'-hydroxy-3,4,5-trimethoxychalcone | Drug Info | [142] | |||
68 | 2'-Hydroxychalcone | Drug Info | [142] | |||
69 | 2,3-dimethoxy-2'-hydroxychalcone | Drug Info | [142] | |||
70 | 2,4'-Dimethoxy-5,3'-di-(2-propenyl)-biphenyl | Drug Info | [145] | |||
71 | 2,4'-Dimethoxy-5,3'-dipropyl-biphenyl | Drug Info | [145] | |||
72 | 2,4-dimethoxy-2'-hydroxychalcone | Drug Info | [142] | |||
73 | 2,6-dihydroxy-1,7-dimethoxyxanthone | Drug Info | [146] | |||
74 | 2-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-1H-indene | Drug Info | [140] | |||
75 | 2-(2-(2,6-dimethylphenylamino)phenyl)acetic acid | Drug Info | [147] | |||
76 | 2-(3-Phenyl-propyl)-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one | Drug Info | [148] | |||
77 | 2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)pyridine | Drug Info | [143] | |||
78 | 2-(N-(2-Ffuorophenyl)pyrrol-3-yl) acetic acid | Drug Info | [149] | |||
79 | 2-(N-(2-fluorophenyl)pyrrol-2-yl) acetic acid | Drug Info | [149] | |||
80 | 2-(p-Methylsulfonylbenzoyl)furan | Drug Info | [143] | |||
81 | 2-Benzyl-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one | Drug Info | [148] | |||
82 | 2-Furan-2-ylmethyl-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one | Drug Info | [148] | |||
83 | 2-Phenethyl-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one | Drug Info | [148] | |||
84 | 2-Phenyl-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one | Drug Info | [148] | |||
85 | 3,4-dibenzyloxy-2'-hydroxychalcone | Drug Info | [142] | |||
86 | 3,4-dihydroxyxanthone | Drug Info | [146] | |||
87 | 3-(4-Methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-1-phenyl-propynone | Drug Info | [150] | |||
88 | 3-benzyloxy-4-methoxy-2'-hydroxychalcone | Drug Info | [142] | |||
89 | 3-Bromo-2'-hydroxy-4-methoxychalcone | Drug Info | [142] | |||
90 | 4,5-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,2-selenazole | Drug Info | [151] | |||
91 | 4,5-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)isothiazole | Drug Info | [152] | |||
92 | 4,5-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,2-selenazole | Drug Info | [151] | |||
93 | 4,5-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)isothiazole | Drug Info | [152] | |||
94 | 4-(3-hydroxy-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [153] | |||
95 | 4-(3-methoxy-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [153] | |||
96 | 4-(3-nitro-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [153] | |||
97 | 4-(4-Chlorophenyl)-5-p-tolyl-1,2-selenazole | Drug Info | [151] | |||
98 | 4-(4-hydroxy-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [153] | |||
99 | 4-(4-methoxy-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [153] | |||
100 | 4-(4-methyl-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [153] | |||
101 | 4-(4-methyl-phenyliminomethyl)-benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [153] | |||
102 | 4-(4-nitro-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [153] | |||
103 | 4-(benzylideneamino)benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [153] | |||
104 | 4-amino-N-(4-chlorophenyl)benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [154] | |||
105 | 4-amino-N-(4-iodophenyl)benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [154] | |||
106 | 4-benzyloxy-2'-hydroxychalcone | Drug Info | [142] | |||
107 | 4-fluoro-N-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)aniline | Drug Info | [143] | |||
108 | 4-phenyliminomethyl-benzenesulfonamide | Drug Info | [153] | |||
109 | 5,3'-Dipropyl-biphenyl-2,4'-diol | Drug Info | [145] | |||
110 | 5-(2-Imidazol-1-yl-ethyl)-7,8-dihydro-quinoline | Drug Info | [155] | |||
111 | 5-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-p-tolyl-1,2-selenazole | Drug Info | [151] | |||
112 | 5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-p-tolyl-1,2-selenazole | Drug Info | [151] | |||
113 | 5-Ethyl-3,4-diphenyl-isoxazole | Drug Info | [156] | |||
114 | 5-methoxy-2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-1H-indole | Drug Info | [157] | |||
115 | 5-Methyl-3,4-diphenyl-isoxazole | Drug Info | [156] | |||
116 | 5-Phenyl-pentanoic acid benzyl-hydroxy-amide | Drug Info | [158] | |||
117 | 5-thia-8,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid | Drug Info | [83] | |||
118 | 6,7'-oxybis(2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one) | Drug Info | [159] | |||
119 | alpha-linolenic acid | Drug Info | [83] | |||
120 | B-Octylglucoside | Drug Info | [160] | |||
121 | Bimetopyrole | Drug Info | [123] | |||
122 | CLEMATOMANDSHURICA SAPONIN A | Drug Info | [162] | |||
123 | CR-4174 | Drug Info | [163] | |||
124 | DFU | Drug Info | [164] | |||
125 | Firocoxib | Drug Info | [165] | |||
126 | Furan-3-yl(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanone | Drug Info | [143] | |||
127 | GW-637185X | Drug Info | [166] | |||
128 | HONOKIOL | Drug Info | [145] | |||
129 | L-748780 | Drug Info | [167] | |||
130 | L-761000 | Drug Info | [167] | |||
131 | LM-4108 | Drug Info | [168] | |||
132 | METHYLHONOKIOL | Drug Info | [145] | |||
133 | Microxine | Drug Info | [169] | |||
134 | N-(1H-indazol-5-yl)acetamide | Drug Info | [170] | |||
135 | N-(3-(phenylthio)pyridin-4-yl)methanesulfonamide | Drug Info | [171] | |||
136 | N-(3-phenoxy-4-pyridinyl)ethanesulfonamide | Drug Info | [172] | |||
137 | N-(3-phenylamino-4-pyridinyl)methanesulfonamide | Drug Info | [171] | |||
138 | Nectamazin C | Drug Info | [173] | |||
139 | NEOLIGNAN 9-NOR-7,8-DEHYDRO-ISOLICARIN B | Drug Info | [173] | |||
140 | NSC-27236 | Drug Info | [176] | |||
141 | Oxametacin | Drug Info | [177] | |||
142 | PHENIDONE | Drug Info | [148] | |||
143 | Prifelone | Drug Info | [178] | |||
144 | Primary alcohol metabolite of celecoxib | Drug Info | [179] | |||
145 | Prostaglandin G2 | Drug Info | [180] | |||
146 | Resveratrol Potassium3-Sulfate | Drug Info | [181] | |||
147 | Resveratrol Potassium4,-Sulfate | Drug Info | [181] | |||
148 | SB 239063 | Drug Info | [182] | |||
149 | SC-558 | Drug Info | [183] | |||
150 | TENOSAL | Drug Info | [184], [4] | |||
151 | THIOCTIC ACID | Drug Info | [151] | |||
152 | Wogonin | Drug Info | [142] | |||
153 | XGP-110 | Drug Info | [163] | |||
Regulator (upregulator) | [+] 1 Regulator (upregulator) drugs | + | ||||
1 | C-myb | Drug Info | [161] |
Cell-based Target Expression Variations | Top | |||||
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Cell-based Target Expression Variations |
Drug Binding Sites of Target | Top | |||||
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Ligand Name: Salicyclic acid | Ligand Info | |||||
Structure Description | The Crystal Structure of Salicylate Bound to Human Cyclooxygenase-2 | PDB:5F1A | ||||
Method | X-ray diffraction | Resolution | 2.38 Å | Mutation | No | [185] |
PDB Sequence |
KNPCCSHPCQ
42 NRGVCMSVGF52 DQYKCDCTRT62 GFYGENCSTP72 EFLTRIKLFL82 KPTPNTVHYI 92 LTHFKGFWNV102 VNNIPFLRNA111 IMSYVLTSRS121 HLIDSPPTYN131 ADYGYKSWEA 141 FSNLSYYTRA151 LPPVPDDCPT161 PLGVKGKKQL171 PDSNEIVEKL181 LLRRKFIPDP 191 QGSNMMFAFF201 AQHFTHQFFK211 TDHKRGPAFT221 NGLGHGVDLN231 HIYGETLARQ 241 RKLRLFKDGK251 MKYQIIDGEM261 YPPTVKDTQA271 EMIYPPQVPE281 HLRFAVGQEV 291 FGLVPGLMMY301 ATIWLREHNR311 VCDVLKQEHP321 EWGDEQLFQT331 SRLILIGETI 341 KIVIEDYVQH351 LSGYHFKLKF361 DPELLFNKQF371 QYQNRIAAEF381 NTLYHWHPLL 391 PDTFQIHDQK401 YNYQQFIYNN411 SILLEHGITQ421 FVESFTRQIA431 GRVAGGRNVP 441 PAVQKVSQAS451 IDQSRQMKYQ461 SFNEYRKRFM471 LKPYESFEEL481 TGEKEMSAEL 491 EALYGDIDAV501 ELYPALLVEK511 PRPDAIFGET521 MVEVGAPFSL531 KGLMGNVICS 541 PAYWKPSTFG551 GEVGFQIINT561 ASIQSLICNN571 VKGCPFTSFS581 VPD |
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Ligand Name: Mefenamic acid | Ligand Info | |||||
Structure Description | The Structure of Mefenamic Acid Bound to Human Cyclooxygenase-2 | PDB:5IKR | ||||
Method | X-ray diffraction | Resolution | 2.34 Å | Mutation | No | [186] |
PDB Sequence |
NPCCSHPCQN
43 RGVCMSVGFD53 QYKCDCTRTG63 FYGENCSTPE73 FLTRIKLFLK83 PTPNTVHYIL 93 THFKGFWNVV103 NNIPFLRNAI112 MSYVLTSRSH122 LIDSPPTYNA132 DYGYKSWEAF 142 SNLSYYTRAL152 PPVPDDCPTP162 LGVKGKKQLP172 DSNEIVEKLL182 LRRKFIPDPQ 192 GSNMMFAFFA202 QHFTHQFFKT212 DHKRGPAFTN222 GLGHGVDLNH232 IYGETLARQR 242 KLRLFKDGKM252 KYQIIDGEMY262 PPTVKDTQAE272 MIYPPQVPEH282 LRFAVGQEVF 292 GLVPGLMMYA302 TIWLREHNRV312 CDVLKQEHPE322 WGDEQLFQTS332 RLILIGETIK 342 IVIEDYVQHL352 SGYHFKLKFD362 PELLFNKQFQ372 YQNRIAAEFN382 TLYHWHPLLP 392 DTFQIHDQKY402 NYQQFIYNNS412 ILLEHGITQF422 VESFTRQIAG432 RVAGGRNVPP 442 AVQKVSQASI452 DQSRQMKYQS462 FNEYRKRFML472 KPYESFEELT482 GEKEMSAELE 492 ALYGDIDAVE502 LYPALLVEKP512 RPDAIFGETM522 VEVGAPFSLK532 GLMGNVICSP 542 AYWKPSTFGG552 EVGFQIINTA562 SIQSLICNNV572 KGCPFTSFSV582 P |
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|
MET113
4.859
VAL116
3.364
ARG120
3.090
PHE205
4.772
VAL344
4.809
TYR348
3.093
VAL349
1.966
LEU352
2.227
SER353
2.935
TYR355
2.457
LEU359
3.497
PHE381
3.369
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Click to View More Binding Site Information of This Target with Different Ligands |
Different Human System Profiles of Target | Top |
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Human Similarity Proteins
of target is determined by comparing the sequence similarity of all human proteins with the target based on BLAST. The similarity proteins for a target are defined as the proteins with E-value < 0.005 and outside the protein families of the target.
A target that has fewer human similarity proteins outside its family is commonly regarded to possess a greater capacity to avoid undesired interactions and thus increase the possibility of finding successful drugs
(Brief Bioinform, 21: 649-662, 2020).
Human Pathway Affiliation
of target is determined by the life-essential pathways provided on KEGG database. The target-affiliated pathways were defined based on the following two criteria (a) the pathways of the studied target should be life-essential for both healthy individuals and patients, and (b) the studied target should occupy an upstream position in the pathways and therefore had the ability to regulate biological function.
Targets involved in a fewer pathways have greater likelihood to be successfully developed, while those associated with more human pathways increase the chance of undesirable interferences with other human processes
(Pharmacol Rev, 58: 259-279, 2006).
Biological Network Descriptors
of target is determined based on a human protein-protein interactions (PPI) network consisting of 9,309 proteins and 52,713 PPIs, which were with a high confidence score of ≥ 0.95 collected from STRING database.
The network properties of targets based on protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have been widely adopted for the assessment of target’s druggability. Proteins with high node degree tend to have a high impact on network function through multiple interactions, while proteins with high betweenness centrality are regarded to be central for communication in interaction networks and regulate the flow of signaling information
(Front Pharmacol, 9, 1245, 2018;
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 44:134-142, 2017).
Human Similarity Proteins
Human Pathway Affiliation
Biological Network Descriptors
|
Protein Name | Pfam ID | Percentage of Identity (%) | E value |
---|---|---|---|
Neurexin-2 (NRXN2) | 42.222 (19/45) | 2.73E-04 |
KEGG Pathway | Pathway ID | Affiliated Target | Pathway Map |
---|---|---|---|
Arachidonic acid metabolism | hsa00590 | Affiliated Target |
|
Class: Metabolism => Lipid metabolism | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
NF-kappa B signaling pathway | hsa04064 | Affiliated Target |
|
Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signal transduction | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
VEGF signaling pathway | hsa04370 | Affiliated Target |
|
Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signal transduction | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway | hsa04625 | Affiliated Target |
|
Class: Organismal Systems => Immune system | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
IL-17 signaling pathway | hsa04657 | Affiliated Target |
|
Class: Organismal Systems => Immune system | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
TNF signaling pathway | hsa04668 | Affiliated Target |
|
Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signal transduction | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling | hsa04723 | Affiliated Target |
|
Class: Organismal Systems => Nervous system | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
Serotonergic synapse | hsa04726 | Affiliated Target |
|
Class: Organismal Systems => Nervous system | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
Ovarian steroidogenesis | hsa04913 | Affiliated Target |
|
Class: Organismal Systems => Endocrine system | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
Oxytocin signaling pathway | hsa04921 | Affiliated Target |
|
Class: Organismal Systems => Endocrine system | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes | hsa04923 | Affiliated Target |
|
Class: Organismal Systems => Endocrine system | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
Click to Show/Hide the Information of Affiliated Human Pathways |
Degree | 11 | Degree centrality | 1.18E-03 | Betweenness centrality | 1.72E-03 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Closeness centrality | 2.39E-01 | Radiality | 1.42E+01 | Clustering coefficient | 1.09E-01 |
Neighborhood connectivity | 4.11E+01 | Topological coefficient | 1.03E-01 | Eccentricity | 12 |
Download | Click to Download the Full PPI Network of This Target | ||||
Chemical Structure based Activity Landscape of Target | Top |
---|---|
Drug Property Profile of Target | Top | |
---|---|---|
(1) Molecular Weight (mw) based Drug Clustering | (2) Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient (xlogp) based Drug Clustering | |
|
||
(3) Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) based Drug Clustering | (4) Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) based Drug Clustering | |
|
||
(5) Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) based Drug Clustering | (6) Topological Polar Surface Area (polararea) based Drug Clustering | |
|
||
"RO5" indicates the cutoff set by lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in GREEN denotes the no violation of any cutoff in lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in PURPLE refers to the violation of only one cutoff in lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in BLACK represents the violation of more than one cutoffs in lipinski's rule of five |
Co-Targets | Top | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Co-Targets |
Target Poor or Non Binders | Top | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Target Poor or Non Binders |
Target Regulators | Top | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Target-regulating microRNAs | ||||||
Target-interacting Proteins |
References | Top | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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