Target Regulator(s) Information (Transcription Factor)
| Target General Information | Top | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Target ID | T88213 | Target Info | |||
| Target Name | Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) | ||||
| Synonyms | Vasoactive intestinal peptide; VIP peptides; Peptide histidine valine 42; Intestinal peptide PHV-42 | ||||
| Target Type | Literature-reported Target | ||||
| Gene Name | VIP | ||||
| UniProt ID | |||||
| The Transcription Factors (TFs) Regulating This Target | Top | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TF Name | c-Jun/c-Fos (AP-1) heterodimer | ||||
| Classification | Superclass | Basic Domains | |||
| Class | Leucine zipper factors (bZIP) | ||||
| Family | AP-1(-like) components | ||||
| Regulation Mechanism | The transcriptional activator cAMP-responsive element-binding (CREB) proteins and the c-Fos/c-Jun complex interact with the VIP enhancer, and therefore regulate the expression of VIP. | [1] | |||
| Evidence Score (E-score) | 2 | + | |||
| 1 | Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay | [1] | |||
| 2 | Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay | [2] | |||
| UniProt ID | |||||
| Sequence |
MTAKMETTFYDDALNASFLPSESGPYGYSNPKILKQSMTLNLADPVGSLKPHLRAKNSDL
LTSPDVGLLKLASPELERLIIQSSNGHITTTPTPTQFLCPKNVTDEQEGFAEGFVRALAE LHSQNTLPSVTSAAQPVNGAGMVAPAVASVAGGSGSGGFSASLHSEPPVYANLSNFNPGA LSSGGGAPSYGAAGLAFPAQPQQQQQPPHHLPQQMPVQHPRLQALKEEPQTVPEMPGETP PLSPIDMESQERIKAERKRMRNRIAASKCRKRKLERIARLEEKVKTLKAQNSELASTANM LREQVAQLKQKVMNHVNSGCQLMLTQQLQTF |
||||
| The Genes (Co-regulated by This TF) Grouped Based on Their Biochemical Classes | |||||
| Acyltransferases | [+] 1 Acyltransferases Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP1) | Clinical trial Target | Target Info | [3] | |
| Cytokines / Cytokine receptors | [+] 1 Cytokines / Cytokine receptors Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Interferon-gamma (IFNG) | Successful Target | Target Info | [4] | |
| Endothelins/sarafotoxins | [+] 1 Endothelins/sarafotoxins Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Endothelin-1 (EDN1) | Literature-reported Target | Target Info | [5] | |
| G protein-coupled receptors | [+] 1 G protein-coupled receptors Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GNRHR) | Successful Target | Target Info | [6] | |
| Glucagons | [+] 1 Glucagons Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) | Literature-reported Target | Target Info | [1] | |
| Hormones | [+] 1 Hormones Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Corticoliberin (CRH) | Literature-reported Target | Target Info | [7] | |
| Integrins | [+] 1 Integrins Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Integrin alpha-2 (ITGA2) | Clinical trial Target | Target Info | [8] | |
| Oxidoreductases | [+] 1 Oxidoreductases Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Quinone reductase 1 (NQO1) | Clinical trial Target | Target Info | [9] | |
| Peptidases | [+] 1 Peptidases Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU) | Successful Target | Target Info | [10] | |
| Somatotropin / Prolactins | [+] 1 Somatotropin / Prolactins Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Prolactin (PRL) | Discontinued Target | Target Info | [11] | |
| Transcription factors | [+] 2 Transcription factors Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) | Clinical trial Target | Target Info | [12] | |
| 2 | Transcription factor AP-1 (JUN) | Discontinued Target | Target Info | [13] | |
| TF Name | cAMP-responsive element-binding (CREB) homodimer | ||||
| Classification | Superclass | Basic Domains | |||
| Class | Leucine zipper factors (bZIP) | ||||
| Regulation Mechanism | The transcriptional activator cAMP-responsive element-binding (CREB) proteins and the c-Fos/c-Jun complex interact with the VIP enhancer, and therefore regulate the expression of VIP. | [1] | |||
| Evidence Score (E-score) | 1 | + | |||
| 1 | Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay | [1] | |||
| UniProt ID | |||||
| Sequence |
MTMESGAENQQSGDAAVTEAENQQMTVQAQPQIATLAQVSMPAAHATSSAPTVTLVQLPN
GQTVQVHGVIQAAQPSVIQSPQVQTVQSSCKDLKRLFSGTQISTIAESEDSQESVDSVTD SQKRREILSRRPSYRKILNDLSSDAPGVPRIEEEKSEEETSAPAITTVTVPTPIYQTSSG QYIAITQGGAIQLANNGTDGVQGLQTLTMTNAAATQPGTTILQYAQTTDGQQILVPSNQV VVQAASGDVQTYQIRTAPTSTIAPGVVMASSPALPTQPAEEAARKREVRLMKNREAAREC RRKKKEYVKCLENRVAVLENQNKTLIEELKALKDLYCHKSD |
||||
| The Genes (Co-regulated by This TF) Grouped Based on Their Biochemical Classes | |||||
| Apoptosis regulators | [+] 1 Apoptosis regulators Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL-2) | Successful Target | Target Info | [14] | |
| Cytokines / Cytokine receptors | [+] 3 Cytokines / Cytokine receptors Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Interferon-gamma (IFNG) | Successful Target | Target Info | [15] | |
| 2 | Interleukin 5 receptor alpha (IL5RA) | Successful Target | Target Info | [16] | |
| 3 | Interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) | Successful Target | Target Info | [17] | |
| Fibronectin proteins | [+] 1 Fibronectin proteins Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Fibronectin (FN1) | Clinical trial Target | Target Info | [18] | |
| G protein-coupled receptors | [+] 1 G protein-coupled receptors Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GNRHR) | Successful Target | Target Info | [6] | |
| Glucagons | [+] 1 Glucagons Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) | Literature-reported Target | Target Info | [1] | |
| Hormones | [+] 2 Hormones Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Erythropoietin (EPO) | Clinical trial Target | Target Info | [19] | |
| 2 | Parathyroid hormone (PTH) | Successful Target | Target Info | [20] | |
| Immunoglobulins | [+] 1 Immunoglobulins Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 (CD4) | Successful Target | Target Info | [21] | |
| Lipoprotein receptors | [+] 1 Lipoprotein receptors Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) | Successful Target | Target Info | [22] | |
| Oxidoreductases | [+] 2 Oxidoreductases Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Cholesterol desmolase (CYP11A1) | Successful Target | Target Info | [23] | |
| 2 | Dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH) | Clinical trial Target | Target Info | [24] | |
| Peptidases | [+] 1 Peptidases Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Tissue-type plasminogen activator (PLAT) | Successful Target | Target Info | [25] | |
| Transcription factors | [+] 1 Transcription factors Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Early growth response protein 1 (EGR-1) | Clinical trial Target | Target Info | [26] | |
| Transferrins | [+] 1 Transferrins Co-regulated By This TF | + | |||
| 1 | Transferrin (TF) | Clinical trial Target | Target Info | [27] | |
| References | Top | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| REF 1 | Cyclic AMP- and phorbol ester-induced transcriptional activation are mediated by the same enhancer element in the human vasoactive intestinal peptide gene. J Biol Chem. 1991 Feb 25;266(6):3882-7. | ||||
| REF 2 | Increased expression of interleukin-6 by vasoactive intestinal peptide is associated with regulation of CREB, AP-1 and C/EBP, but not NF-kappaB, in... Bone. 2005 Oct;37(4):513-29. | ||||
| REF 3 | Involvement of Jun and Fos proteins in regulating transcriptional activation of the human pi class glutathione S-transferase gene in multidrug-resi... J Biol Chem. 1994 Jun 10;269(23):16397-402. | ||||
| REF 4 | Negative transcriptional regulation of the interferon-gamma promoter by glucocorticoids and dominant negative mutants of c-Jun. J Biol Chem. 1995 May 26;270(21):12548-56. | ||||
| REF 5 | Molecular regulation of the endothelin-1 gene by hypoxia. Contributions of hypoxia-inducible factor-1, activator protein-1, GATA-2, AND p300/CBP. J Biol Chem. 2001 Apr 20;276(16):12645-53. | ||||
| REF 6 | Functional mapping of a placenta-specific upstream promoter for human gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene. Endocrinology. 2001 Apr;142(4):1506-16. | ||||
| REF 7 | Composite glucocorticoid regulation at a functionally defined negative glucocorticoid response element of the human corticotropin-releasing hormone gene. Mol Endocrinol. 1999 Oct;13(10):1629-44. | ||||
| REF 8 | The Megakaryocyte/Platelet-specific enhancer of the alpha2beta1 integrin gene: two tandem AP1 sites and the mitogen-activated protein kinase signal... Blood. 1999 Mar 1;93(5):1600-11. | ||||
| REF 9 | Human antioxidant-response-element-mediated regulation of type 1 NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase gene expression. Effect of sulfhydryl modifying age... Eur J Biochem. 1994 Nov 15;226(1):31-9. | ||||
| REF 10 | Role of distinct mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways and cooperation between Ets-2, ATF-2, and Jun family members in human urokinase-type plasminogen activator gene induction by interleukin-1 and tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate. Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Sep;19(9):6240-52. | ||||
| REF 11 | Thyroid hormone inhibits the human prolactin gene promoter by interfering with activating protein-1 and estrogen stimulations. Mol Endocrinol. 1997 Jun;11(7):986-96. | ||||
| REF 12 | Expression of human p53 requires synergistic activation of transcription from the p53 promoter by AP-1, NF-kappaB and Myc/Max. Oncogene. 1999 Apr 29;18(17):2728-38. | ||||
| REF 13 | The jun proto-oncogene is positively autoregulated by its product, Jun/AP-1. Cell. 1988 Dec 2;55(5):875-85. | ||||
| REF 14 | Induction of bcl-2 expression by phosphorylated CREB proteins during B-cell activation and rescue from apoptosis. Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Oct;16(10):5546-56. | ||||
| REF 15 | The proximal regulatory element of the interferon-gamma promoter mediates selective expression in T cells. J Biol Chem. 1996 Dec 13;271(50):31964-72. | ||||
| REF 16 | An AP-1 site in the promoter of the human IL-5R alpha gene is necessary for promoter activity in eosinophilic HL60 cells. FEBS Lett. 1998 Sep 4;434(3):251-4. | ||||
| REF 17 | Transcription factors NF-IL6 and CREB recognize a common essential site in the human prointerleukin 1 beta gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Nov;14(11):7285-97. | ||||
| REF 18 | Cyclic AMP inhibits fibronectin gene expression in a newly developed granulosa cell line by a mechanism that suppresses cAMP-responsive element-dependent transcriptional activation. J Biol Chem. 1990 Oct 25;265(30):18219-26. | ||||
| REF 19 | The transcription factors ATF-1 and CREB-1 bind constitutively to the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) DNA recognition site. Nucleic Acids Res. 1995 Nov 25;23(22):4542-50. | ||||
| REF 20 | A redox factor protein, ref1, is involved in negative gene regulation by extracellular calcium. J Biol Chem. 1994 Nov 11;269(45):27855-62. | ||||
| REF 21 | CD4 promoter transactivation by human herpesvirus 6. J Virol. 1998 Nov;72(11):8797-805. | ||||
| REF 22 | Identification of a novel sterol-independent regulatory element in the human low density lipoprotein receptor promoter. J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 18;275(7):5214-21. | ||||
| REF 23 | Regulatory mechanisms of cAMP-dependent and cell-specific expression of human steroidogenic cytochrome P450scc (CYP11A1) gene. Eur J Biochem. 1994 Jun 15;222(3):825-34. | ||||
| REF 24 | Noradrenergic-specific transcription of the dopamine beta-hydroxylase gene requires synergy of multiple cis-acting elements including at least two Phox2a-binding sites. J Neurosci. 1998 Oct 15;18(20):8247-60. | ||||
| REF 25 | Differential binding of cAMP-responsive-element (CRE)-binding protein-1 and activating transcription factor-2 to a CRE-like element in the human tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) gene promoter correlates with opposite regulation of t-PA by phorbol ester in HT-1080 and HeLa cells. Eur J Biochem. 1996 May 1;237(3):532-8. | ||||
| REF 26 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-3 signaling pathways converge on the CREB-binding site in the human egr-1 promoter. Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Sep;14(9):5975-85. | ||||
| REF 27 | Brain-specific expression of the human transferrin gene. Similar elements govern transcription in oligodendrocytes and in a neuronal cell line. J Biol Chem. 1994 Sep 30;269(39):24504-10. | ||||
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