Target Information

Target General Information

Top

Target ID

T77365 (Former ID: TTDS00187)

Target Name

Adenosine A2a receptor (ADORA2A)

Synonyms

Adenosine receptor A2a; ADORA2; A2a Adenosine receptor; A(2A) adenosine receptor

Click to Show/Hide

Gene Name

ADORA2A

Target Type

Successful target

[1]

Disease

[+] 3 Target-related Diseases

Orthostatic hypotension [ICD-11: BA21]

Parkinsonism [ICD-11: 8A00]

Radionuclide imaging [ICD-11: N.A.]

Function

The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase. Receptor for adenosine.

Click to Show/Hide

BioChemical Class

GPCR rhodopsin

UniProt ID

AA2AR_HUMAN

Sequence

MPIMGSSVYITVELAIAVLAILGNVLVCWAVWLNSNLQNVTNYFVVSLAAADIAVGVLAI
PFAITISTGFCAACHGCLFIACFVLVLTQSSIFSLLAIAIDRYIAIRIPLRYNGLVTGTR
AKGIIAICWVLSFAIGLTPMLGWNNCGQPKEGKNHSQGCGEGQVACLFEDVVPMNYMVYF
NFFACVLVPLLLMLGVYLRIFLAARRQLKQMESQPLPGERARSTLQKEVHAAKSLAIIVG
LFALCWLPLHIINCFTFFCPDCSHAPLWLMYLAIVLSHTNSVVNPFIYAYRIREFRQTFR
KIIRSHVLRQQEPFKAAGTSARVLAAHGSDGEQVSLRLNGHPPGVWANGSAPHPERRPNG
YALGLVSGGSAQESQGNTGLPDVELLSHELKGVCPEPPGLDDPLAQDGAGVS

Click to Show/Hide

3D Structure

Click to Show 3D Structure of This Target

AlphaFold

HIT2.0 ID

T77M4W

Drugs and Modes of Action

Top

Approved Drug(s)

[+] 2 Approved Drugs

Caffeine

Drug Info

Approved

Orthostatic hypotension

[4], [5]

Istradefylline

Drug Info

Approved

Parkinson disease

[6]

Clinical Trial Drug(s)

[+] 17 Clinical Trial Drugs

Apadenoson

Drug Info

Phase 3

Coronary artery disease

[7], [8]

Binodenoson

Drug Info

Phase 3

Hypertension

[9], [10]

Tozadenant

Drug Info

Phase 3

Parkinson disease

[11], [12]

AMP-579

Drug Info

Phase 2

Hyperlipidaemia

[15]

AZD4635

Drug Info

Phase 2

Prostate cancer

[16]

Dexefaroxan

Drug Info

Phase 2

Parkinson disease

[17]

MRE-0094

Drug Info

Phase 2

Diabetic foot ulcer

[18]

SCH 420814

Drug Info

Phase 2

Parkinson disease

[14], [19]

Tonapofylline

Drug Info

Phase 2

Acute and chronic heart failure

[20]

UK-432097

Drug Info

Phase 2

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

[21], [22]

AB928

Drug Info

Phase 1/2

Metastatic colorectal cancer

[23]

ATL-313

Drug Info

Phase 1/2

Arteriosclerosis

[24], [25]

OPA-6566

Drug Info

Phase 1/2

Glaucoma/ocular hypertension

[26]

PBF509

Drug Info

Phase 1/2

Non-small-cell lung cancer

[27]

V81444

Drug Info

Phase 1/2

Parkinson disease

[28]

GW-328267

Drug Info

Phase 1

Allergic rhinitis

[31]

KF-17837

Drug Info

Phase 1

Parkinson disease

[32]

Discontinued Drug(s)

[+] 5 Discontinued Drugs

PF-1913539

Drug Info

Discontinued in Phase 3

Alzheimer disease

[33]

BVT-115959

Drug Info

Discontinued in Phase 2

Pain

[34]

Lu-AA47070

Drug Info

Discontinued in Phase 1

Parkinson disease

[35]

T-62

Drug Info

Discontinued in Phase 1

Neuropathic pain

[36]

METHYLTHIOADENOSINE

Drug Info

Terminated

Multiple sclerosis

[37]

Mode of Action

[+] 4 Modes of Action

Antagonist

[+] 10 Antagonist drugs

Caffeine

Drug Info

[1], [38]

Tozadenant

Drug Info

[40]

AZD4635

Drug Info

[27]

SCH 420814

Drug Info

[14]

AB928

Drug Info

[27]

PBF509

Drug Info

[27]

V81444

Drug Info

[47]

PF-1913539

Drug Info

[51], [52]

Lu-AA47070

Drug Info

[54]

T-62

Drug Info

[36]

Modulator

[+] 3 Modulator drugs

Istradefylline

Drug Info

[6]

AMP-579

Drug Info

[41]

GW-328267

Drug Info

[48]

Agonist

[+] 9 Agonist drugs

Apadenoson

Drug Info

[7]

Binodenoson

Drug Info

[39]

Dexefaroxan

Drug Info

[42]

MRE-0094

Drug Info

[18]

UK-432097

Drug Info

[44]

ATL-313

Drug Info

[45]

OPA-6566

Drug Info

[46]

BVT-115959

Drug Info

[53]

CGS 21680

Drug Info

[91]

Inhibitor

[+] 196 Inhibitor drugs

Tonapofylline

Drug Info

[43]

KF-17837

Drug Info

[49]

SCH-442416

Drug Info

[50]

ARISTEROMYCIN

Drug Info

[55]

METHYLTHIOADENOSINE

Drug Info

[56]

METRIFUDIL

Drug Info

[57]

(2R,3S)-3-(6-Amino-purin-9-yl)-nonan-2-ol

Drug Info

[58]

(3-amino-5-bromobenzofuran-2-yl)(phenyl)methanone

Drug Info

[59]

(E,E)-8-(4-Phenylbutadien-1-yl)caffeine

Drug Info

[60]

(E,E)-8-[4-(3-Bromophenyl)butadien-1-yl]caffeine

Drug Info

[60]

(E,E)-8-[4-(3-Chlorophenyl)butadien-1-yl]caffeine

Drug Info

[60]

(E,E)-8-[4-(3-Fluorophenyl)butadien-1-yl]caffeine

Drug Info

[60]

(S)-DHPA

Drug Info

[61]

(Z)-8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine

Drug Info

[60]

1,3,7-Tripropyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[62]

1,3,8-Trimethyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[63]

1,3-Diallyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[64]

1,3-Diallyl-7-methyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[62]

1,3-Dibenzyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[62]

1,3-Diethyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[64]

1,3-Diisobutyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[62]

1,3-Dipropyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[64]

1,4-diaminoanthracene-9,10-dione

Drug Info

[59]

1-Allyl-3,7-dimethyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[62]

1-amino-2,4-bis(phenylthio)anthracene-9,10-dione

Drug Info

[59]

1-amino-2-phenoxyanthracene-9,10-dione

Drug Info

[59]

1-amino-4-chloroanthracene-9,10-dione

Drug Info

[59]

1-amino-4-methoxyanthracene-9,10-dione

Drug Info

[59]

1-aminoanthracene-9,10-dione

Drug Info

[59]

1-Ethyl-3-methyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[62]

1-Methyl-8-phenyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[65]

1-METHYLXANTHINE

Drug Info

[64]

1-Phenyl-3-(4-pyridin-2-yl-thiazol-2-yl)-urea

Drug Info

[66]

1H-Imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-ylamine HCl

Drug Info

[67]

2,5'-dichloro-5'-deoxy-N6-cyclopentyladenosine

Drug Info

[68]

2,6,8-triphenyl-9H-purine

Drug Info

[69]

2,6-diphenyl-1-deazapurine

Drug Info

[70]

2,6-diphenyl-8-(1-ethylpropyl)-1-deazapurine

Drug Info

[70]

2,6-diphenyl-8-ethyl-1-deazapurine

Drug Info

[70]

2,6-diphenyl-8-methyl-1-deazapurine

Drug Info

[70]

2,6-diphenyl-8-tButyl-1-deazapurine

Drug Info

[70]

2,6-diphenyl-9H-purine

Drug Info

[69]

2,6-Diphenyl-pyrimidin-4-ylamine

Drug Info

[71]

2,6-dphenyl-8-propyl-1-deazapurine

Drug Info

[70]

2-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)quinoxaline

Drug Info

[72]

2-(2''-indolylethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-(2-furyl)-6-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine

Drug Info

[74]

2-(3''(5''-chloro-indolyl)ethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-(3''(7''-bromo-indolyl)ethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-(3''-(4''-bromo-indolyl)ethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-(3''-(5''-bromo-indolyl)ethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-(3''-(5''-fluoro-indolyl)ethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-(3''-(5''-hydroxyindolyl)ethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-(3''-(5''-iodo-indolyl)ethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-(3''-(5''-methoxy-indolyl)ethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-(3''-(6''-bromo-indolyl)ethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-(3''-(6''-chloro-indolyl)ethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-(3''-(benzoimidazole-1''-yl)ethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-(3''-indolylethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-(3''-pyrrolylethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-phenyl-9H-purine

Drug Info

[69]

2-(4-ethylthiobenzimidazol-2-yl)quinoxaline

Drug Info

[75]

2-(4-hydroxypent-1-yl)-N6-methoxyadenosine

Drug Info

[76]

2-(4-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)quinoxaline

Drug Info

[72]

2-(5-cyano-1-pent-1-ynyl)-N6-methoxyadenosine

Drug Info

[76]

2-(6-amino-8-bromo-9H-purin-9-yl)ethanol

Drug Info

[77]

2-(hex-1-ynyl)-N6-methoxyadenosine

Drug Info

[76]

2-amino-3-(m-tolylamino)naphthalene-1,4-dione

Drug Info

[59]

2-Amino-4,6-di-furan-2-yl-nicotinonitrile

Drug Info

[78]

2-Amino-4,6-di-thiophen-2-yl-nicotinonitrile

Drug Info

[78]

2-Amino-4,6-diphenyl-nicotinonitrile

Drug Info

[78]

2-Amino-4,6-diphenyl-pyrimidin-5-carbonitrile

Drug Info

[71]

2-Amino-4,6-diphenyl-pyrimidine

Drug Info

[71]

2-Amino-4-furan-2-yl-6-phenyl-nicotinonitrile

Drug Info

[78]

2-Amino-4-phenyl-6-thiophen-2-yl-nicotinonitrile

Drug Info

[78]

2-amino-6-phenyl-4-p-tolylnicotinonitrile

Drug Info

[79]

2-Amino-6-phenyl-4-thiophen-2-yl-nicotinonitrile

Drug Info

[78]

2-amino-N-benzyl-6-phenyl-9H-purine-9-carboxamide

Drug Info

[80]

2-chloro-4-(thiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine

Drug Info

[81]

2-Cyclopentyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-ylamine

Drug Info

[67]

2-ethyl-4-(furan-2-yl)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine

Drug Info

[81]

2-ethyl-4-(pyridin-2-yl)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine

Drug Info

[81]

2-ethyl-4-(thiazol-2-yl)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine

Drug Info

[81]

2-ethyl-4-(thiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine

Drug Info

[81]

2-ethynyl-N6-methoxyadenosine

Drug Info

[76]

2-m-tolyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]quinolin-4-amine

Drug Info

[82]

2-p-tolyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]quinolin-4-amine

Drug Info

[82]

2-Phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-ylamine

Drug Info

[67]

2-phenyl-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]quinolin-4-amine

Drug Info

[82]

2-phenylpropoxyadenosine

Drug Info

[73]

2-tolyl-6-phenyl-9H-purine

Drug Info

[69]

2-[(4-acetylphenyl)ethynyl]-N6-methoxyadenosine

Drug Info

[76]

2-[(4-fluorophenyl)ethynyl]-N6-methoxyadenosine

Drug Info

[76]

3-Benzyl-7-methyl-[1,8]naphthyridin-4-ol

Drug Info

[83]

3-Benzyl-7-methyl-[1,8]naphthyridine-4-thiol

Drug Info

[83]

3-Isopropyl-1-methyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[62]

3-noradamantyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine

Drug Info

[84]

4-(4-butylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-o-tolylbutan-1-one

Drug Info

[85]

4-(ethylthio)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine

Drug Info

[79]

100

4-(furan-2-yl)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-amine

Drug Info

[80]

101

4-(thiazol-2-yl)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-amine

Drug Info

[81]

102

4-Amino-2,6-diphenyl-pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile

Drug Info

[71]

103

5,7-dibromo-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-6-ol

Drug Info

[86]

104

5-Azido-6-benzyl-2-methyl-[1,8]naphthyridine

Drug Info

[83]

105

6-(furan-2-yl)-9H-purin-2-amine

Drug Info

[87]

106

6-Furan-2-yl-9-phenethyl-9H-purin-2-ylamine

Drug Info

[88]

107

6-Furan-2-yl-9-phenyl-9H-purin-2-ylamine

Drug Info

[88]

108

6-guanidino-2-(3''-indolylethyloxy)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

109

7-Allyl-1,3-dimethyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[62]

110

7-Allyl-1,3-dipropyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[62]

111

7-Propyl-7H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

112

8-Br-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

113

8-Bromo-9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

114

8-Bromo-9-(2-butyl)-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

115

8-Bromo-9-(3-hydroxypropyl)-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

116

8-Bromo-9-cyclobutyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

117

8-Bromo-9-cyclohexyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

118

8-Bromo-9-cyclopentyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

119

8-Bromo-9-ethyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

120

8-bromo-9-isobutyl-9H-purin-6-amine

Drug Info

[77]

121

8-Bromo-9-isopropyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

122

8-Bromo-9-methyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

123

8-Bromo-9-phenylethyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

124

8-Bromo-9-propyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

125

8-Phenyl-1-propyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione

Drug Info

[65]

126

9-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

127

9-(2-Hydroxypropyl)-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

128

9-(3-aminobenzyl)-6-(furan-2-yl)-9H-purin-2-amine

Drug Info

[80]

129

9-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

130

9-(3-nitrobenzyl)-6-(furan-2-yl)-9H-purin-2-amine

Drug Info

[80]

131

9-(4-nitrobenzyl)-6-(furan-2-yl)-9H-purin-2-amine

Drug Info

[80]

132

9-(sec-Butyl)-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

133

9-Allyl-8-bromo-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

134

9-benzyl-6-(furan-2-yl)-9H-purin-2-amine

Drug Info

[80]

135

9-Benzyl-8-bromo-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

136

9-BENZYL-9H-ADENINE

Drug Info

[61]

137

9-But-3-enyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

138

9-Butyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

139

9-Cyclobutyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

140

9-Cyclopentyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

141

9-Cyclopropyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

142

9-Ethyl-8-phenylethynyl-9H-purin-6-ylamine

Drug Info

[89]

143

9-Ethyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

144

9-Isopropyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

145

9-Methyl-8-[1,2,3]triazol-2-yl-9H-purin-6-ylamine

Drug Info

[90]

146

9-Methyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

147

9-Phenylethyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

148

9-Propyl-9H-adenine

Drug Info

[61]

149

Cyclohexyl-(2-phenoxy-9H-purin-6-yl)-amine

Drug Info

[92]

150

Cyclohexyl-(2-phenylsulfanyl-9H-purin-6-yl)-amine

Drug Info

[92]

151

Ethyl 5-benzoyl-4-phenylthiazol-2-ylcarbamate

Drug Info

[43]

152

FR-166124

Drug Info

[93]

153

GNF-PF-2224

Drug Info

[94]

154

GNF-PF-2700

Drug Info

[77]

155

isobutylmethylxanthine

Drug Info

[62]

156

Kuanoniamine D

Drug Info

[95]

157

LUF-5417

Drug Info

[43]

158

LUF-5433

Drug Info

[43]

159

LUF-5437

Drug Info

[66]

160

LUF-5767

Drug Info

[96]

161

LUF-5956

Drug Info

[69]

162

LUF-5957

Drug Info

[69]

163

LUF-5978

Drug Info

[70]

164

Methyl 7-methoxy-4-phenylbenzofuran-2-ylcarbamate

Drug Info

[97]

165

N*6*-Cyclohexyl-N*2*-phenyl-9H-purine-2,6-diamine

Drug Info

[92]

166

N-(2,6-diphenylpyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methylbutyramide

Drug Info

[96]

167

N-(2,6-diphenylpyrimidin-4-yl)butyramide

Drug Info

[96]

168

N-(2,6-diphenylpyrimidin-4-yl)isobutyramide

Drug Info

[96]

169

N-(2,6-diphenylpyrimidin-4-yl)propionamide

Drug Info

[96]

170

N-(2-(furan-2-yl)-3,4'-bipyridin-6-yl)acetamide

Drug Info

[98]

171

N-(4,6-diphenylpyrimidin-2-yl)propionamide

Drug Info

[96]

172

N-(4-Pyridin-2-yl-thiazol-2-yl)-benzamide

Drug Info

[66]

173

N-(5-Benzoyl-4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)benzamide

Drug Info

[43]

174

N-(7-methoxy-4-phenylbenzofuran-2-yl)acetamide

Drug Info

[97]

175

N6-((+/-)-endo-norborn-2-yl)adenosine

Drug Info

[68]

176

N6-(4-hydroxybenzyl)adenine riboside

Drug Info

[99]

177

N6-CYCLOPENTYLADENOSINE

Drug Info

[43]

178

N6-methoxy-2-phenylethynyladenosine

Drug Info

[76]

179

N6-methoxy-2-[(2-pyridinyl)ethynyl]adenosine

Drug Info

[76]

180

N6-methoxy-2-[(4-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl]adenosine

Drug Info

[76]

181

N6-methoxy-2-[(4-pentylphenyl)ethynyl]adenosine

Drug Info

[76]

182

N6-methoxy-2-[(4-pyridinyl)ethynyl]adenosine

Drug Info

[76]

183

N6-methoxy-2-[2-(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]adenosine

Drug Info

[76]

184

N6-[(4-Amino)-phenyl]-9-benzyl-2-phenyladenine

Drug Info

[100]

185

N6-[(4-Nitro)-phenyl]-9-benzyl-2-phenyladenine

Drug Info

[100]

186

PD-115199

Drug Info

[101]

187

Phenyl 7-methoxy-4-phenylbenzofuran-2-ylcarbamate

Drug Info

[97]

188

Phenyl(2-(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl)methanol

Drug Info

[102]

189

PSB-0788

Drug Info

[103]

190

PSB-601

Drug Info

[103]

191

R-N6-(phenylisopropyl)adenosine

Drug Info

[73]

192

SCH-63390

Drug Info

[104]

193

ST-1535

Drug Info

[78]

194

[3H]CCPA

Drug Info

[105]

195

[3H]NECA

Drug Info

[106]

196

[3H]OSIP339391

Drug Info

[77]

Cell-based Target Expression Variations

Top

Cell-based Target Expression Variations

Cell-based Target Expression Variations Info

Drug Binding Sites of Target

Top

Ligand Name: Caffeine

Ligand Info

Structure Description

Thermostabilised adenosine A2A receptor in complex with caffeine

PDB:3RFM

Method

X-ray diffraction

Resolution

3.60 Å

Mutation

Yes

[107]

PDB Sequence

SVYITVELAI

¹⁶

AVLAILGNVL

²⁶

VCWAVWLNSN

³⁶

LQNVTNYFVV

⁴⁶

SLAAADILVG

⁵⁶

VLAIPFAITI

⁶⁶

STGFCAACHG

⁷⁶

CLFIACFVLV

⁸⁶

LAQSSIFSLL

⁹⁶

AIAIDRYIAI

¹⁰⁶

AIPLRYNGLV

¹¹⁶

TGTRAAGIIA

¹²⁶

ICWVLSFAIG

¹³⁶

LTPMLGWNNC

¹⁴⁶

GQPGCGEGQV

¹⁶⁴

ACLFEDVVPM

¹⁷⁴

NYMVYFNFFA

¹⁸⁴

CVLVPLLLML

¹⁹⁴

GVYLRIFAAA

²⁰⁴

RRQLKQMESQ

²¹⁴

PLPGERARST

²²⁴

LQKEVHAAKS

²³⁴

AAIIAGLFAL

²⁴⁴

CWLPLHIINC

²⁵⁴

FTFFCPDCSH

²⁶⁴

APLWLMYLAI

²⁷⁴

VLAHTNSVVN

²⁸⁴

PFIYAYRIRE

²⁹⁴

FRQTFRKIIR

³⁰⁴

Residue

Distance (Å)

ALA63

4.446

ILE66

4.654

VAL84

3.961

PHE168

3.246

GLU169

4.535

MET177

3.630

Residue

Distance (Å)

LEU249

3.377

ASN253

3.335

MET270

3.585

ILE274

3.307

HIS278

4.914

Ligand Name: Adenosine

Ligand Info

Structure Description

Thermostabilised HUMAN A2a Receptor with adenosine bound

PDB:2YDO

Method

X-ray diffraction

Resolution

3.00 Å

Mutation

Yes

[108]

PDB Sequence

SSVYITVELA

¹⁵

IAVLAILGNV

²⁵

LVCWAVWLNS

³⁵

NLQNVTNYFV

⁴⁵

VSAAAADILV

⁵⁵

GVLAIPFAIA

⁶⁵

ISTGFCAACH

⁷⁵

GCLFIACFVL

⁸⁵

VLTASSIFSL

⁹⁵

LAIAIDRYIA

¹⁰⁵

IRIPLRYNGL

¹¹⁵

VTGTRAKGII

¹²⁵

AICWVLSFAI

¹³⁵

GLTPMLGWNN

¹⁴⁵

CGQPKEGKAH

¹⁵⁵

SQGCGEGQVA

¹⁶⁵

CLFEDVVPMN

¹⁷⁵

YMVYFNFFAC

¹⁸⁵

VLVPLLLMLG

¹⁹⁵

VYLRIFLAAR

²⁰⁵

RQLKQMESTL

²²⁵

QKEVHAAKSL

²³⁵

AIIVGLFALC

²⁴⁵

WLPLHIINCF

²⁵⁵

TFFCPDCSHA

²⁶⁵

PLWLMYLAIV

²⁷⁵

LSHTNSVVNP

²⁸⁵

FIYAYRIREF

²⁹⁵

RQTFRKIIRS

³⁰⁵

HVLRQQEPFK

³¹⁵

AAAAENLYF

Residue

Distance (Å)

ALA63

4.178

VAL84

3.797

LEU85

3.940

THR88

3.461

PHE168

3.326

GLU169

3.064

MET177

3.860

ASN181

4.235

Residue

Distance (Å)

TRP246

3.733

LEU249

3.874

HIS250

4.288

ASN253

3.111

MET270

3.541

ILE274

3.491

SER277

2.785

HIS278

3.026

Click to View More Binding Site Information of This Target with Different Ligands

Different Human System Profiles of Target	Top
Human Similarity Proteins of target is determined by comparing the sequence similarity of all human proteins with the target based on BLAST. The similarity proteins for a target are defined as the proteins with E-value < 0.005 and outside the protein families of the target. A target that has fewer human similarity proteins outside its family is commonly regarded to possess a greater capacity to avoid undesired interactions and thus increase the possibility of finding successful drugs (Brief Bioinform, 21: 649-662, 2020). Human Pathway Affiliation of target is determined by the life-essential pathways provided on KEGG database. The target-affiliated pathways were defined based on the following two criteria (a) the pathways of the studied target should be life-essential for both healthy individuals and patients, and (b) the studied target should occupy an upstream position in the pathways and therefore had the ability to regulate biological function. Targets involved in a fewer pathways have greater likelihood to be successfully developed, while those associated with more human pathways increase the chance of undesirable interferences with other human processes (Pharmacol Rev, 58: 259-279, 2006). Biological Network Descriptors of target is determined based on a human protein-protein interactions (PPI) network consisting of 9,309 proteins and 52,713 PPIs, which were with a high confidence score of ≥ 0.95 collected from STRING database. The network properties of targets based on protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have been widely adopted for the assessment of target’s druggability. Proteins with high node degree tend to have a high impact on network function through multiple interactions, while proteins with high betweenness centrality are regarded to be central for communication in interaction networks and regulate the flow of signaling information (Front Pharmacol, 9, 1245, 2018; Curr Opin Struct Biol. 44:134-142, 2017). Human Similarity Proteins Human Pathway Affiliation Biological Network Descriptors

Different Human System Profiles of Target

Top

Human Similarity Proteins of target is determined by comparing the sequence similarity of all human proteins with the target based on BLAST. The similarity proteins for a target are defined as the proteins with E-value < 0.005 and outside the protein families of the target.

A target that has fewer human similarity proteins outside its family is commonly regarded to possess a greater capacity to avoid undesired interactions and thus increase the possibility of finding successful drugs (Brief Bioinform, 21: 649-662, 2020).

Human Pathway Affiliation of target is determined by the life-essential pathways provided on KEGG database. The target-affiliated pathways were defined based on the following two criteria (a) the pathways of the studied target should be life-essential for both healthy individuals and patients, and (b) the studied target should occupy an upstream position in the pathways and therefore had the ability to regulate biological function.

Targets involved in a fewer pathways have greater likelihood to be successfully developed, while those associated with more human pathways increase the chance of undesirable interferences with other human processes (Pharmacol Rev, 58: 259-279, 2006).

Biological Network Descriptors of target is determined based on a human protein-protein interactions (PPI) network consisting of 9,309 proteins and 52,713 PPIs, which were with a high confidence score of ≥ 0.95 collected from STRING database.

The network properties of targets based on protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have been widely adopted for the assessment of target’s druggability. Proteins with high node degree tend to have a high impact on network function through multiple interactions, while proteins with high betweenness centrality are regarded to be central for communication in interaction networks and regulate the flow of signaling information (Front Pharmacol, 9, 1245, 2018; Curr Opin Struct Biol. 44:134-142, 2017).

Human Similarity Proteins

Human Pathway Affiliation

Biological Network Descriptors

Protein Name	Pfam ID	Percentage of Identity (%)	E value
Olfactory receptor 2A14 (OR2A14)	PF13853	25.828 (78/302)	9.52E-11
Olfactory receptor 1E1 (OR1E1)	PF13853	22.000 (66/300)	4.31E-10
Olfactory receptor 6N1 (OR6N1)	PF13853	26.370 (77/292)	4.88E-10
Olfactory receptor 2A12 (OR2A12)	PF13853	25.430 (74/291)	7.46E-10
Olfactory receptor 6C70 (OR6C70)	PF13853	32.308 (42/130)	8.73E-10
Olfactory receptor 2T3 (OR2T3)	PF13853	22.876 (70/306)	1.68E-09
Olfactory receptor 1P1 (OR1P1)	PF13853	23.659 (75/317)	2.03E-09
Olfactory receptor 1A2 (OR1A2)	PF13853	22.769 (74/325)	2.72E-09
Olfactory receptor 10G9 (OR10G9)	PF13853	26.230 (32/122)	3.91E-09
Olfactory receptor 1A1 (OR1A1)	PF13853	23.220 (75/323)	4.51E-09
Olfactory receptor 10G8 (OR10G8)	PF13853	27.049 (33/122)	8.30E-09
Olfactory receptor 10G4 (OR10G4)	PF13853	24.096 (40/166)	9.77E-09
Olfactory receptor 10A6 (OR10A6)	PF13853	22.924 (69/301)	1.12E-08
Olfactory receptor 1J2 (OR1J2)	PF13853	27.007 (37/137)	1.24E-08
Olfactory receptor 52I1 (OR52I1)	PF13853	30.128 (47/156)	1.79E-08
Olfactory receptor 10G7 (OR10G7)	PF13853	25.904 (43/166)	1.94E-08
Olfactory receptor 6S1 (OR6S1)	PF13853	25.796 (81/314)	2.12E-08
Olfactory receptor 6C4 (OR6C4)	PF13853	21.959 (65/296)	2.14E-08
Olfactory receptor 52I2 (OR52I2)	PF13853	31.933 (38/119)	2.45E-08
Olfactory receptor 2M2 (OR2M2)	PF13853	22.930 (72/314)	3.01E-08
Olfactory receptor 2T34 (OR2T34)	PF13853	22.549 (69/306)	4.37E-08
Olfactory receptor 1J1 (OR1J1)	PF13853	26.563 (34/128)	5.93E-08
Olfactory receptor 1M1 (OR1M1)	PF13853	20.779 (64/308)	7.32E-08
Olfactory receptor 11A1 (OR11A1)	PF13853	24.038 (75/312)	8.77E-08
Olfactory receptor 1J4 (OR1J4)	PF13853	22.327 (71/318)	1.04E-07
Olfactory receptor 2M7 (OR2M7)	PF13853	23.026 (70/304)	1.10E-07
Olfactory receptor 1N1 (OR1N1)	PF13853	22.368 (68/304)	1.37E-07
Olfactory receptor 9A4 (OR9A4)	PF13853	24.026 (37/154)	2.01E-07
Olfactory receptor 7G2 (OR7G2)	PF13853	25.743 (78/303)	2.12E-07
Olfactory receptor 1C1 (OR1C1)	PF13853	24.150 (71/294)	2.41E-07
Olfactory receptor 4D9 (OR4D9)	PF13853	28.346 (36/127)	2.69E-07
Olfactory receptor 4D5 (OR4D5)	PF13853	23.750 (76/320)	2.78E-07
Olfactory receptor 1E2 (OR1E2)	PF13853	21.905 (69/315)	2.86E-07
Olfactory receptor 11H2 (OR11H2)	PF13853	23.051 (68/295)	3.79E-07
Olfactory receptor 2V2 (OR2V2)	PF13853	23.529 (72/306)	4.30E-07
Olfactory receptor 51L1 (OR51L1)	PF13853	26.220 (43/164)	4.75E-07
Olfactory receptor 51I2 (OR51I2)	PF13853	26.178 (50/191)	4.99E-07
Olfactory receptor 2M3 (OR2M3)	PF13853	22.848 (69/302)	5.04E-07
Olfactory receptor 51S1 (OR51S1)	PF13853	24.606 (78/317)	5.22E-07
Olfactory receptor 51V1 (OR51V1)	PF13853	31.579 (36/114)	5.23E-07
Olfactory receptor 11L1 (OR11L1)	PF13853	21.895 (67/306)	5.25E-07
Olfactory receptor 10A5 (OR10A5)	PF13853	22.045 (69/313)	5.33E-07
Olfactory receptor 6M1 (OR6M1)	PF13853	22.408 (67/299)	5.53E-07
Olfactory receptor 2B11 (OR2B11)	PF13853	25.000 (75/300)	5.63E-07
Olfactory receptor 2M5 (OR2M5)	PF13853	22.848 (69/302)	6.03E-07
Olfactory receptor 10C1 (OR10C1)	PF13853	23.510 (71/302)	6.36E-07
Olfactory receptor 1D2 (OR1D2)	PF13853	23.127 (71/307)	6.59E-07
Olfactory receptor 51B6 (OR51B6)	PF13853	26.117 (76/291)	7.82E-07
Olfactory receptor 1F1 (OR1F1)	PF13853	21.406 (67/313)	1.19E-06
Putative olfactory receptor 14L1 (OR14L1P)	PF13853	21.242 (65/306)	1.77E-06
Olfactory receptor 4K17 (OR4K17)	PF13853	21.569 (66/306)	1.82E-06
Olfactory receptor 51B2 (OR51B2)	PF13853	32.456 (37/114)	1.85E-06
Olfactory receptor 6P1 (OR6P1)	PF13853	22.517 (68/302)	2.10E-06
Olfactory receptor 2J2 (OR2J2)	PF13853	22.259 (67/301)	2.13E-06
Olfactory receptor 10A4 (OR10A4)	PF13853	20.530 (62/302)	2.75E-06
Putative olfactory receptor 2B3 (OR2B3)	PF13853	20.608 (61/296)	2.78E-06
Olfactory receptor 10W1 (OR10W1)	PF13853	23.625 (73/309)	2.86E-06
Olfactory receptor 2AJ1 (OR2AJ1)	PF13853	21.865 (68/311)	2.88E-06
Olfactory receptor 9A2 (OR9A2)	PF13853	18.771 (55/293)	3.03E-06
Olfactory receptor 6K3 (OR6K3)	PF13853	27.907 (48/172)	3.29E-06
Olfactory receptor 10H4 (OR10H4)	PF13853	31.034 (36/116)	3.42E-06
Olfactory receptor 13A1 (OR13A1)	PF13853	29.323 (39/133)	5.32E-06
Olfactory receptor 4K5 (OR4K5)	PF13853	24.579 (73/297)	5.68E-06
Olfactory receptor 4D1 (OR4D1)	PF13853	24.242 (72/297)	6.31E-06
Olfactory receptor 4Q3 (OR4Q3)	PF13853	24.232 (71/293)	6.44E-06
Olfactory receptor 6C65 (OR6C65)	PF13853	22.373 (66/295)	6.71E-06
Olfactory receptor 10A2 (OR10A2)	PF13853	21.563 (69/320)	6.72E-06
Olfactory receptor 2T29 (OR2T29)	PF13853	21.843 (64/293)	7.48E-06
Olfactory receptor 11H1 (OR11H1)	PF13853	23.024 (67/291)	8.26E-06
Olfactory receptor 52M1 (OR52M1)	PF13853	36.036 (40/111)	8.31E-06
Olfactory receptor 2T5 (OR2T5)	PF13853	21.843 (64/293)	8.48E-06
Olfactory receptor 52E8 (OR52E8)	PF13853	26.994 (44/163)	1.06E-05
Olfactory receptor 51B5 (OR51B5)	PF13853	23.871 (74/310)	1.22E-05
Olfactory receptor 2T4 (OR2T4)	PF13853	22.185 (67/302)	1.28E-05
Olfactory receptor 9A1 (OR9A1P)	PF13853	24.118 (41/170)	1.36E-05
Olfactory receptor 52B2 (OR52B2)	PF13853	32.710 (35/107)	1.67E-05
Olfactory receptor 6C68 (OR6C68)	PF13853	27.692 (36/130)	1.68E-05
Olfactory receptor 4K2 (OR4K2)	PF13853	25.862 (30/116)	2.27E-05
Olfactory receptor 1D4 (OR1D4)	PF13853	22.337 (65/291)	2.35E-05
Olfactory receptor 52E5 (OR52E5)	PF13853	25.444 (43/169)	2.50E-05
Olfactory receptor 2F1 (OR2F1)	PF13853	20.805 (62/298)	2.53E-05
Olfactory receptor 1L1 (OR1L1)	PF13853	22.697 (69/304)	2.67E-05
Olfactory receptor 7G1 (OR7G1)	PF13853	24.585 (74/301)	2.81E-05
Olfactory receptor 2T33 (OR2T33)	PF13853	22.742 (68/299)	3.40E-05
Olfactory receptor 6C2 (OR6C2)	PF13853	22.222 (66/297)	3.59E-05
Olfactory receptor 11G2 (OR11G2)	PF13853	25.175 (36/143)	3.94E-05
Olfactory receptor 6Y1 (OR6Y1)	PF13853	22.318 (52/233)	4.12E-05
Olfactory receptor 51I1 (OR51I1)	PF13853	32.407 (35/108)	4.21E-05
Olfactory receptor 6N2 (OR6N2)	PF13853	23.345 (67/287)	4.21E-05
Olfactory receptor 2AP1 (OR2AP1)	PF13853	21.886 (65/297)	4.29E-05
Olfactory receptor 4D2 (OR4D2)	PF13853	24.585 (74/301)	4.79E-05
Olfactory receptor 2AG2 (OR2AG2)	PF13853	21.975 (69/314)	4.93E-05
Olfactory receptor 4F17 (OR4F17)	PF13853	24.183 (74/306)	5.43E-05
Olfactory receptor 11H12 (OR11H12)	PF13853	22.680 (66/291)	5.54E-05
Olfactory receptor 1B1 (OR1B1)	PF13853	22.112 (67/303)	5.56E-05
Olfactory receptor 5M11 (OR5M11)	PF13853	30.392 (31/102)	5.63E-05
Olfactory receptor 6C76 (OR6C76)	PF13853	21.356 (63/295)	5.76E-05
Olfactory receptor 51B4 (OR51B4)	PF13853	29.630 (32/108)	6.15E-05
Olfactory receptor 52E2 (OR52E2)	PF13853	25.309 (41/162)	6.26E-05
Olfactory receptor 3A1 (OR3A1)	PF13853	25.926 (35/135)	6.30E-05
Olfactory receptor 2J1 (OR2J1)	PF13853	22.150 (68/307)	6.35E-05
Olfactory receptor 7A10 (OR7A10)	PF13853	26.446 (32/121)	6.46E-05
Olfactory receptor 51E2 (OR51E2)	PF13853	25.436 (73/287)	6.51E-05
Olfactory receptor 12D3 (OR12D3)	PF13853	21.290 (66/310)	6.72E-05
Olfactory receptor 5B12 (OR5B12)	PF13853	24.920 (78/313)	6.99E-05
Olfactory receptor 5M10 (OR5M10)	PF13853	23.607 (72/305)	7.07E-05
Olfactory receptor 51A7 (OR51A7)	PF13853	30.357 (34/112)	7.26E-05
Olfactory receptor 6C1 (OR6C1)	PF13853	21.927 (66/301)	7.73E-05
Olfactory receptor 1D5 (OR1D5)	PF13853	23.051 (68/295)	8.08E-05
Olfactory receptor 2J3 (OR2J3)	PF13853	21.333 (64/300)	8.20E-05
Olfactory receptor 8A1 (OR8A1)	PF13853	28.226 (35/124)	8.72E-05
Olfactory receptor 52Z1P (OR52Z1P)	PF13853	32.479 (38/117)	8.74E-05
Olfactory receptor 13H1 (OR13H1)	PF13853	28.058 (39/139)	8.96E-05
Olfactory receptor 4F5 (OR4F5)	PF13853	22.712 (67/295)	9.62E-05
Olfactory receptor 4F4 (OR4F4)	PF13853	23.934 (73/305)	1.01E-04
Olfactory receptor 7D2 (OR7D2)	PF13853	21.181 (61/288)	1.13E-04
Olfactory receptor 5M9 (OR5M9)	PF13853	23.780 (39/164)	1.14E-04
Olfactory receptor 4K15 (OR4K15)	PF13853	26.705 (47/176)	1.14E-04
Olfactory receptor 4S1 (OR4S1)	PF13853	31.405 (38/121)	1.27E-04
Olfactory receptor 6Q1 (OR6Q1)	PF13853	27.083 (39/144)	1.36E-04
Olfactory receptor 10A7 (OR10A7)	PF13853	20.755 (66/318)	1.42E-04
Olfactory receptor 11H4 (OR11H4)	PF13853	22.257 (71/319)	1.54E-04
Olfactory receptor 6C3 (OR6C3)	PF13853	20.195 (62/307)	1.56E-04
Olfactory receptor 10G3 (OR10G3)	PF13853	27.407 (37/135)	1.77E-04
Olfactory receptor 7E24 (OR7E24)	PF13853	28.571 (36/126)	1.83E-04
Olfactory receptor 4F3/4F16/4F29 (OR4F3; OR4F16; OR4F29)	PF13853	21.242 (65/306)	1.88E-04
Olfactory receptor 6C74 (OR6C74)	PF13853	24.806 (32/129)	1.88E-04
Olfactory receptor 2T12 (OR2T12)	PF13853	22.508 (70/311)	2.14E-04
Olfactory receptor 10A3 (OR10A3)	PF13853	21.523 (65/302)	2.22E-04
Olfactory receptor 52K2 (OR52K2)	PF13853	29.032 (36/124)	2.56E-04
Olfactory receptor 1L3 (OR1L3)	PF13853	23.390 (69/295)	2.56E-04
Olfactory receptor 10J3 (OR10J3)	PF13853	29.508 (36/122)	2.66E-04
Putative olfactory receptor 52L2 (OR52L2P)	PF13853	27.619 (29/105)	2.66E-04
Olfactory receptor 4F21 (OR4F21)	PF13853	20.915 (64/306)	2.76E-04
Olfactory receptor 1N2 (OR1N2)	PF13853	25.203 (31/123)	2.81E-04
Olfactory receptor 10H1 (OR10H1)	PF13853	28.205 (33/117)	3.06E-04
Olfactory receptor 6C75 (OR6C75)	PF13853	20.598 (62/301)	3.21E-04
Olfactory receptor 2T8 (OR2T8)	PF13853	22.581 (70/310)	3.29E-04
Olfactory receptor 52P1 (OR52P1)	PF13853	31.731 (33/104)	3.34E-04
Olfactory receptor 52A5 (OR52A5)	PF13853	24.834 (75/302)	3.54E-04
Olfactory receptor 4D10 (OR4D10)	PF13853	27.273 (33/121)	3.56E-04
Olfactory receptor 1I1 (OR1I1)	PF13853	22.831 (50/219)	3.61E-04
Olfactory receptor 4D11 (OR4D11)	PF13853	20.470 (61/298)	3.65E-04
Olfactory receptor 11H7 (OR11H7)	PF13853	23.485 (31/132)	3.72E-04
Olfactory receptor 9G4 (OR9G4)	PF13853	23.226 (72/310)	4.24E-04
Olfactory receptor 7A5 (OR7A5)	PF13853	27.273 (33/121)	4.26E-04
Putative olfactory receptor 1F12P (OR1F12P)	PF13853	20.462 (62/303)	4.49E-04
Olfactory receptor 11H6 (OR11H6)	PF13853	21.645 (50/231)	4.91E-04
Olfactory receptor 52B4 (OR52B4)	PF13853	33.929 (38/112)	4.98E-04
Olfactory receptor 7G3 (OR7G3)	PF13853	31.373 (32/102)	5.00E-04
Olfactory receptor 51F2 (OR51F2)	PF13853	21.384 (68/318)	5.09E-04
Olfactory receptor 52J3 (OR52J3)	PF13853	26.515 (35/132)	5.95E-04
Olfactory receptor 2T7 (OR2T7)	PF13853	21.927 (66/301)	6.12E-04
Olfactory receptor 51H1 (OR51H1)	PF13853	29.825 (34/114)	6.69E-04
Olfactory receptor 2F2 (OR2F2)	PF13853	19.732 (59/299)	6.85E-04
Olfactory receptor 1L4 (OR1L4)	PF13853	26.923 (28/104)	6.86E-04
Olfactory receptor 7A17 (OR7A17)	PF13853	24.194 (75/310)	7.01E-04
Olfactory receptor 7D4 (OR7D4)	PF13853	25.385 (33/130)	7.07E-04
Olfactory receptor 10AC1 (OR10AC1)	PF13853	25.466 (82/322)	7.17E-04
Olfactory receptor 52E4 (OR52E4)	PF13853	23.026 (70/304)	7.59E-04
Olfactory receptor 14J1 (OR14J1)	PF13853	21.683 (67/309)	7.90E-04
Olfactory receptor 1L6 (OR1L6)	PF13853	27.885 (29/104)	7.93E-04
Olfactory receptor 2A5 (OR2A5)	PF13853	23.906 (71/297)	8.05E-04
Olfactory receptor 13J1 (OR13J1)	PF13853	24.026 (74/308)	8.36E-04
Putative olfactory receptor 1F2 (OR1F2P)	PF13853	19.608 (60/306)	8.51E-04
Olfactory receptor 8D4 (OR8D4)	PF13853	25.301 (42/166)	8.71E-04
Olfactory receptor 4K3 (OR4K3)	PF13853	21.036 (65/309)	1.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 5M1 (OR5M1)	PF13853	27.094 (55/203)	1.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 2V1 (OR2V1)	PF13853	21.613 (67/310)	1.00E-03
Putative olfactory receptor 7A2 (OR7A2P)	PF13853	23.967 (29/121)	1.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 6B3 (OR6B3)	PF13853	20.557 (59/287)	1.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 52K1 (OR52K1)	PF13853	24.841 (39/157)	1.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 8U3 (OR8U3)	PF13853	26.866 (36/134)	1.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 10AD1 (OR10AD1)	PF13853	18.937 (57/301)	1.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 10H2 (OR10H2)	PF13853	29.358 (32/109)	1.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 8G1 (OR8G1)	PF13853	22.801 (70/307)	1.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 51T1 (OR51T1)	PF13853	27.907 (36/129)	1.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 6V1 (OR6V1)	PF13853	24.590 (30/122)	1.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 2D2 (OR2D2)	PF13853	22.857 (72/315)	2.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 1L8 (OR1L8)	PF13853	28.713 (29/101)	2.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 51F1 (OR51F1)	PF13853	27.885 (29/104)	2.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 52E1 (OR52E1)	PF13853	24.691 (40/162)	2.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 1K1 (OR1K1)	PF13853	23.037 (44/191)	2.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 5M3 (OR5M3)	PF13853	23.973 (35/146)	2.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 10J5 (OR10J5)	PF13853	28.571 (38/133)	2.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 2W3 (OR2W3)	PF13853	22.259 (67/301)	2.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 2T10 (OR2T10)	PF13853	19.661 (58/295)	2.00E-03
Putative olfactory receptor 56B2 (OR56B2P)	PF13853	35.106 (33/94)	3.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 4D6 (OR4D6)	PF13853	22.074 (66/299)	3.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 52N4 (OR52N4)	PF13853	28.182 (31/110)	3.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 6K2 (OR6K2)	PF13853	20.376 (65/319)	3.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 51E1 (OR51E1)	PF13853	27.826 (32/115)	3.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 5V1 (OR5V1)	PF13853	28.319 (32/113)	3.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 1G1 (OR1G1)	PF13853	20.552 (67/326)	3.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 5D13 (OR5D13)	PF13853	24.390 (30/123)	3.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 6F1 (OR6F1)	PF13853	27.338 (38/139)	3.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 2AG1 (OR2AG1)	PF13853	21.854 (66/302)	3.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 10H5 (OR10H5)	PF13853	25.325 (39/154)	3.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 5B3 (OR5B3)	PF13853	21.474 (67/312)	3.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 10G2 (OR10G2)	PF13853	29.134 (37/127)	4.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 52L1 (OR52L1)	PF13853	27.885 (29/104)	4.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 14A2 (OR14A2)	PF13853	27.200 (34/125)	4.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 2A25 (OR2A25)	PF13853	24.348 (28/115)	4.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 2C1 (OR2C1)	PF13853	26.016 (32/123)	4.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 6B2 (OR6B2)	PF13853	22.517 (68/302)	4.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 8B2 (OR8B2)	PF13853	28.455 (35/123)	5.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 52H1 (OR52H1)	PF13853	26.852 (29/108)	5.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 6C6 (OR6C6)	PF13853	22.876 (35/153)	5.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 4K13 (OR4K13)	PF13853	26.724 (31/116)	5.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 2T6 (OR2T6)	PF13853	21.474 (67/312)	5.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 2D3 (OR2D3)	PF13853	23.684 (72/304)	5.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 4F6 (OR4F6)	PF13853	21.843 (64/293)	5.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 2A1/2A42 (OR2A1; OR2A42)	PF13853	28.431 (29/102)	5.00E-03
Olfactory receptor 6X1 (OR6X1)	PF13853	22.896 (68/297)	5.00E-03
Click to Show/Hide the Information of Human Similarity Proteins

KEGG Pathway	Pathway ID	Affiliated Target
Rap1 signaling pathway	hsa04015	Affiliated Target
Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signal transduction	Pathway Hierarchy
Calcium signaling pathway	hsa04020	Affiliated Target
Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signal transduction	Pathway Hierarchy
cAMP signaling pathway	hsa04024	Affiliated Target
Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signal transduction	Pathway Hierarchy
Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction	hsa04080	Affiliated Target
Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signaling molecules and interaction	Pathway Hierarchy
Vascular smooth muscle contraction	hsa04270	Affiliated Target
Class: Organismal Systems => Circulatory system	Pathway Hierarchy

Degree	1	Degree centrality	1.07E-04	Betweenness centrality	0.00E+00
Closeness centrality	1.84E-01	Radiality	1.31E+01	Clustering coefficient	0.00E+00
Neighborhood connectivity	8.00E+00	Topological coefficient	1.00E+00	Eccentricity	13
Download	Click to Download the Full PPI Network of This Target

Chemical Structure based Activity Landscape of Target

Top

Drug Property Profile of Target

Top

(1) Molecular Weight (mw) based Drug Clustering

(2) Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient (xlogp) based Drug Clustering

(3) Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) based Drug Clustering

(4) Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) based Drug Clustering

(5) Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) based Drug Clustering

(6) Topological Polar Surface Area (polararea) based Drug Clustering

"RO5" indicates the cutoff set by lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in GREEN denotes the no violation of any cutoff in lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in PURPLE refers to the violation of only one cutoff in lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in BLACK represents the violation of more than one cutoffs in lipinski's rule of five

Co-Targets

Top

Co-Targets

Co-Targets Info

Target Poor or Non Binders

Top

Target Poor or Non Binders

Target Poor or Non Binders Info

Target Regulators

Top

Target-interacting Proteins

Target-interacting Proteins Info

Target Affiliated Biological Pathways

Top

KEGG Pathway

[+] 7 KEGG Pathways

Rap1 signaling pathway

Calcium signaling pathway

cAMP signaling pathway

Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction

Vascular smooth muscle contraction

Parkinson's disease

Alcoholism

Pathwhiz Pathway

[+] 1 Pathwhiz Pathways

Intracellular Signalling Through Adenosine Receptor A2a and Adenosine

PID Pathway

[+] 1 PID Pathways

HIF-2-alpha transcription factor network

Reactome

[+] 4 Reactome Pathways

NGF-independant TRKA activation

Adenosine P1 receptors

G alpha (s) signalling events

Surfactant metabolism

WikiPathways

[+] 7 WikiPathways

Nucleotide GPCRs

Monoamine Transport

GPCRs, Class A Rhodopsin-like

NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane

GPCR ligand binding

GPCR downstream signaling

GPCRs, Other

Target-Related Models and Studies

Top

Target Validation

Target Validation Info

Target QSAR Model

References

Top

REF 1

Caffeine as a psychomotor stimulant: mechanism of action. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2004 Apr;61(7-8):857-72.

REF 2

URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 5596).

REF 3

2008 FDA drug approvals. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2009 Feb;8(2):93-6.

REF 4

REF 5

Fatigue: an overview. Am Fam Physician. 2008 Nov 15;78(10):1173-9.

REF 6

Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health Human Services. 2019

REF 7

REF 8

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00990327) Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Apadenoson for Detection of Myocardial Perfusion Defects Using SPECT MPI. U.S. National Institutes of Health.

REF 9

REF 10

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00944970) Efficacy and Safety Study of Binodenoson in Assessing Cardiac Ischemia. U.S. National Institutes of Health.

REF 11

REF 12

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02453386) Safety and Efficacy Study of Tozadenant to Treat End of Dose Wearing Off in Parkinson's Patients Using Levodopa.

REF 13

REF 14

Novel pharmacological targets for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):845-54.

REF 15

Recent developments in adenosine receptor ligands and their potential as novel drugs. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 May; 1808(5): 1290-1308.

REF 16

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04089553) An Open-label, Phase II Study of AZD4635 in Patients With Prostate Cancer. U.S. National Institutes of Health.

REF 17

Effects of the alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonist dexefaroxan on neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb of the adult rat in vivo: selective protection against neuronal death. Neuroscience. 2003;117(2):281-91.

REF 18

Emerging drugs for diabetic foot ulcers. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2006 Nov;11(4):709-24.

REF 19

REF 20

Emerging drugs for acute and chronic heart failure: current and future developments. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2007 Mar;12(1):75-95.

REF 21

REF 22

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00430300) Safety And Efficacy Of UK-432,097 In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.. U.S. National Institutes of Health.

REF 23

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04660812) An Open Label Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of AB928 Based Treatment Combinations in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.. U.S. National Institutes of Health.

REF 24

REF 25

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01279083) Safety and Efficacy Trial to Treat Open-Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension. U.S. National Institutes of Health.

REF 26

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01410188) Safety/Efficacy Study: OPA-6566 Ophthalmic Solution in Subjects With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension. U.S. National Institutes of Health.

REF 27

Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)

REF 28

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02253745) Safety, Tolerability, PK & Efficacy of V81444 in Volunteers With Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). U.S. National Institutes of Health.

REF 29

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03873883) First-in-Human Study of EOS100850 in Patients With Cancer. U.S. National Institutes of Health.

REF 30

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03786484) Study of PBF-999 in Solid Tumour Advanced Cancer. U.S. National Institutes of Health.

REF 31

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01640990) A Study to Assess the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of an Intravenous Infusion of GW328267X in Healthy Volunteers. U.S. National Institutes of Health.

REF 32

Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800005980)

REF 33

Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800021875)

REF 34

Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800023039)

REF 35

Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800027391)

REF 36

Emerging drugs in neuropathic pain. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2007 Mar;12(1):113-26.

REF 37

Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800000987)

REF 38

Adenosine receptor antagonists intensify the benzodiazepine withdrawal signs in mice. Pharmacol Rep. 2006 Sep-Oct;58(5):643-51.

REF 39

Coronary circulation responses to binodenoson, a selective adenosine A2A receptor agonist. Am J Cardiol. 2007 Jun 1;99(11):1507-12.

REF 40

Tozadenant (SYN115) in patients with Parkinson's disease who have motor fluctuations on levodopa: a phase 2b, double-blind, randomised trial. Lancet Neurol. 2014 Aug;13(8):767-76.

REF 41

Adenosine A1/A2a receptor agonist AMP-579 induces acute and delayed preconditioning against in vivo myocardial stunning. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2004 Dec;287(6):H2746-53.

REF 42

The pipeline and future of drug development in schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry. 2007 Oct;12(10):904-22.

REF 43

2-Amino-5-benzoyl-4-phenylthiazoles: Development of potent and selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem. 2010 Mar 15;18(6):2195-2203.

REF 44

Structure of an agonist-bound human A2A adenosine receptor. Science. 2011 Apr 15;332(6027):322-7.

REF 45

Effect of novel A2A adenosine receptor agonist ATL 313 on Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced murine ileal enteritis. Infect Immun. 2006 May;74(5):2606-12.

REF 46

Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Acucela.

REF 47

Adenosine A2A receptor antagonists in Parkinson's disease: progress in clinical trials from the newly approved istradefylline to drugs in early development and those already discontinued. CNS Drugs. 2014 May;28(5):455-74.

REF 48

ADENOSINE RECEPTORS AS TARGETS FOR THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION IN ASTHMA AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

REF 49

Photoisomerization of a potent and selective adenosine A2 antagonist, (E)-1,3-Dipropyl-8-(3,4-dimethoxystyryl)-7-methylxanthine. J Med Chem. 1993 Nov 12;36(23):3731-3.

REF 50

Design, radiosynthesis, and biodistribution of a new potent and selective ligand for in vivo imaging of the adenosine A(2A) receptor system using p... J Med Chem. 2000 Nov 16;43(23):4359-62.

REF 51

Blockade of A2A adenosine receptors prevents basic fibroblast growth factor-induced reactive astrogliosis in rat striatal primary astrocytes. Glia. 2003 Aug;43(2):190-4.

REF 52

Adenosine A2A receptor antagonists are potential antidepressants: evidence based on pharmacology and A2A receptor knockout mice. Br J Pharmacol. 2001 Sep;134(1):68-77.

REF 53

Recent developments in adenosine receptor ligands and their potential as novel drugs. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 May;1808(5):1290-308.

REF 54

The novel adenosine A2A antagonist Lu AA47070 reverses the motor and motivational effects produced by dopamine D2 receptor blockade. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2012 Jan;100(3):498-505.

REF 55

Methanocarba analogues of purine nucleosides as potent and selective adenosine receptor agonists. J Med Chem. 2000 Jun 1;43(11):2196-203.

REF 56

Novel amino acid derived natural products from the ascidian Atriolum robustum: identification and pharmacological characterization of a unique aden... J Med Chem. 2004 Apr 22;47(9):2243-55.

REF 57

N-substituted adenosines as novel neuroprotective A(1) agonists with diminished hypotensive effects. J Med Chem. 1999 Sep 9;42(18):3463-77.

REF 58

Structure-activity relationships of 9-alkyladenine and ribose-modified adenosine derivatives at rat A3 adenosine receptors. J Med Chem. 1995 May 12;38(10):1720-35.

REF 59

Structure-based discovery of novel chemotypes for adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonists. J Med Chem. 2010 Feb 25;53(4):1799-809.

REF 60

Dual inhibition of monoamine oxidase B and antagonism of the adenosine A(2A) receptor by (E,E)-8-(4-phenylbutadien-1-yl)caffeine analogues. Bioorg Med Chem. 2008 Sep 15;16(18):8676-84.

REF 61

8-Bromo-9-alkyl adenine derivatives as tools for developing new adenosine A2A and A2B receptors ligands. Bioorg Med Chem. 2009 Apr 1;17(7):2812-22.

REF 62

Analogues of caffeine and theophylline: effect of structural alterations on affinity at adenosine receptors. J Med Chem. 1986 Jul;29(7):1305-8.

REF 63

1,3-Dialkyl-8-(p-sulfophenyl)xanthines: potent water-soluble antagonists for A1- and A2-adenosine receptors. J Med Chem. 1985 Apr;28(4):487-92.

REF 64

Benzo[1,2-c:5,4-c']dipyrazoles: non-xanthine adenosine antagonists. J Med Chem. 1988 Oct;31(10):2034-9.

REF 65

Preparation, properties, reactions, and adenosine receptor affinities of sulfophenylxanthine nitrophenyl esters: toward the development of sulfonic... J Med Chem. 2004 Feb 12;47(4):1031-43.

REF 66

Thiazole and thiadiazole analogues as a novel class of adenosine receptor antagonists. J Med Chem. 2001 Mar 1;44(5):749-62.

REF 67

1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amines: novel non-xanthine adenosine antagonists. J Med Chem. 1991 Mar;34(3):1202-6.

REF 68

N6-Cycloalkyl- and N6-bicycloalkyl-C5'(C2')-modified adenosine derivatives as high-affinity and selective agonists at the human A1 adenosine recept... J Med Chem. 2009 Apr 23;52(8):2393-406.

REF 69

2,6-disubstituted and 2,6,8-trisubstituted purines as adenosine receptor antagonists. J Med Chem. 2006 May 18;49(10):2861-7.

REF 70

2,6,8-trisubstituted 1-deazapurines as adenosine receptor antagonists. J Med Chem. 2007 Feb 22;50(4):828-34.

REF 71

A new generation of adenosine receptor antagonists: from di- to trisubstituted aminopyrimidines. Bioorg Med Chem. 2008 Mar 15;16(6):2741-52.

REF 72

Derivatives of 4-amino-6-hydroxy-2-mercaptopyrimidine as novel, potent, and selective A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. J Med Chem. 2008 Mar 27;51(6):1764-70.

REF 73

Structure-activity relationships of 2,N(6),5'-substituted adenosine derivatives with potent activity at the A2B adenosine receptor. J Med Chem. 2007 Apr 19;50(8):1810-27.

REF 74

Identification of novel, water-soluble, 2-amino-N-pyrimidin-4-yl acetamides as A2A receptor antagonists with in vivo efficacy. J Med Chem. 2008 Feb 14;51(3):400-6.

REF 75

2-(Benzimidazol-2-yl)quinoxalines: a novel class of selective antagonists at human A(1) and A(3) adenosine receptors designed by 3D database search... J Med Chem. 2005 Dec 29;48(26):8253-60.

REF 76

N6-methoxy-2-alkynyladenosine derivatives as highly potent and selective ligands at the human A3 adenosine receptor. J Med Chem. 2007 Mar 22;50(6):1222-30.

REF 77

Insights into binding modes of adenosine A(2B) antagonists with ligand-based and receptor-based methods. Eur J Med Chem. 2010 Aug;45(8):3459-71.

REF 78

2-Amino-6-furan-2-yl-4-substituted nicotinonitriles as A2A adenosine receptor antagonists. J Med Chem. 2008 Aug 14;51(15):4449-55.

REF 79

Identification of non-furan containing A2A antagonists using database mining and molecular similarity approaches. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 Dec 1;16(23):5993-7.

REF 80

Antagonists of the human adenosine A2A receptor. Part 3: Design and synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines, pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines and 6-arylpu... Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 May 1;18(9):2924-9.

REF 81

Antagonists of the human adenosine A2A receptor. Part 2: Design and synthesis of 4-arylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 May 1;18(9):2920-3.

REF 82

New 2-arylpyrazolo[3,4-c]quinoline derivatives as potent and selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. Synthesis, pharmacological evaluati... J Med Chem. 2007 Aug 23;50(17):4061-74.

REF 83

1,8-Naphthyridin-4-one derivatives as new ligands of A2A adenosine receptors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 Oct 15;15(20):4604-10.

REF 84

Potent and orally bioavailable 8-bicyclo[2.2.2]octylxanthines as adenosine A1 receptor antagonists. J Med Chem. 2006 Nov 30;49(24):7119-31.

REF 85

Discovery of N-{1-[3-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzo[1,4]oxazin-4-yl)propyl]piperidin-4-yl}-2-phenylacetamide (Lu AE51090): an allosteric muscarinic M1 rec... J Med Chem. 2010 Sep 9;53(17):6386-97.

REF 86

Synthesis of eudistomin D analogues and its effects on adenosine receptors. Bioorg Med Chem. 2008 Apr 1;16(7):3825-30.

REF 87

Antagonists of the human A(2A) adenosine receptor. 4. Design, synthesis, and preclinical evaluation of 7-aryltriazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidines. J Med Chem. 2009 Jan 8;52(1):33-47.

REF 88

6-(2-Furanyl)-9H-purin-2-amine derivatives as A2A adenosine antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 Apr 15;15(8):2119-22.

REF 89

Introduction of alkynyl chains on C-8 of adenosine led to very selective antagonists of the A(3) adenosine receptor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2001 Jul 23;11(14):1931-4.

REF 90

2-n-Butyl-9-methyl-8-[1,2,3]triazol-2-yl-9H-purin-6-ylamine and analogues as A2A adenosine receptor antagonists. Design, synthesis, and pharmacolog... J Med Chem. 2005 Nov 3;48(22):6887-96.

REF 91

Effects of CGS 21680, a selective adenosine A2A receptor agonist, on allergic airways inflammation in the rat. Eur J Pharmacol. 2002 Mar 8;438(3):183-8.

REF 92

Reversine and its 2-substituted adenine derivatives as potent and selective A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. J Med Chem. 2005 Jul 28;48(15):4910-8.

REF 93

Discovery of FR166124, a novel water-soluble pyrazolo-[1,5-a]pyridine adenosine A1 receptor antagonist. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 1999 Jul 19;9(14):1979-84.

REF 94

Synthesis and theoretical studies on energetics of novel N- and O- perfluoroalkyl triazole tagged thienopyrimidines--their potential as adenosine r... Eur J Med Chem. 2010 May;45(5):1739-45.

REF 95

Bioactive pyridoacridine alkaloids from the micronesian sponge Oceanapia sp. J Nat Prod. 1998 Feb;61(2):301-5.

REF 96

2,4,6-trisubstituted pyrimidines as a new class of selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonists. J Med Chem. 2004 Dec 16;47(26):6529-40.

REF 97

Synthetic studies on selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonists: synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel benzofuran derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Feb 1;20(3):1090-3.

REF 98

Discovery of N-(5,6-diarylpyridin-2-yl)amide derivatives as potent and selective A(2B) adenosine receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Mar 1;20(5):1697-700.

REF 99

Neuroprotective principles from Gastrodia elata. J Nat Prod. 2007 Apr;70(4):571-4.

REF 100

N6-1,3-diphenylurea derivatives of 2-phenyl-9-benzyladenines and 8-azaadenines: synthesis and biological evaluation as allosteric modulators of A2A... Eur J Med Chem. 2008 Aug;43(8):1639-47.

REF 101

(E)-1,3-dialkyl-7-methyl-8-(3,4,5-trimethoxystyryl)xanthines: potent and selective adenosine A2 antagonists. J Med Chem. 1992 Jun 12;35(12):2342-5.

REF 102

Antagonists of the human adenosine A2A receptor. Part 1: Discovery and synthesis of thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-4-methanone derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 May 1;18(9):2916-9.

REF 103

1-alkyl-8-(piperazine-1-sulfonyl)phenylxanthines: development and characterization of adenosine A2B receptor antagonists and a new radioligand with... J Med Chem. 2009 Jul 9;52(13):3994-4006.

REF 104

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a second generation of pyrazolo[4,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines as potent and selective A2A... J Med Chem. 1998 Jun 4;41(12):2126-33.

REF 105

5'-Carbamoyl derivatives of 2'-C-methyl-purine nucleosides as selective A1 adenosine receptor agonists: affinity, efficacy, and selectivity for A1 ... Bioorg Med Chem. 2008 Jan 1;16(1):336-53.

REF 106

Adenosine receptor agonists: synthesis and biological evaluation of 1-deaza analogues of adenosine derivatives. J Med Chem. 1988 Jun;31(6):1179-83.

REF 107

Structure of the adenosine A(2A) receptor in complex with ZM241385 and the xanthines XAC and caffeine. Structure. 2011 Sep 7;19(9):1283-93.

REF 108

Agonist-bound adenosine A2A receptor structures reveal common features of GPCR activation. Nature. 2011 May 18;474(7352):521-5.

If You Find Any Error in Data or Bug in Web Service, Please Kindly Report It to Dr. Zhou and Dr. Zhang.

Prof. Yuzong CHEN

Prof. Feng ZHU